Harnessing mast cell responses to viral infections

Mast cells are cells of the immune system that are found in areas of the body that are prone to infection, such as the skin, and airways and also found in increased numbers around areas of cancer growth. In the current study we will examine the importance of mast cells to effective immunity against a common viral infection known as Respiratory Syncytial Virus or RSV and their response to viruses known as "oncolytic viruses" which are used in cancer treatment. In particular we will look at the mechanisms that mast cells use to drive the activities of immune cells which can limit viral infection and identify ways to reduce harmful activities of these cells during infection of the airways while promoting their positive activities in promoting effective immunity. Investigating a new approach to therapy, we will also use mast cells that have been modified to produce chemicals that will boost their ability to limit damage associated with viral infection or to inhibit tumor growth and spread. Through these studies we will find out more about the immune system's response to viruses and cancer and also aim to develop new approaches to the treatment of RSV infection and more effective use of oncolytic viruses to treat cancer.