Investigating the genomic epidemiology, transmission, and infectivity of the non-influenza respiratory viruses

Respiratory viruses are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and a burden to the healthcare system. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the potential of molecular testing and sequencing to advance our understanding of respiratory viruses. While considerable research has been done to date on influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, others such as parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus and the seasonal coronaviruses have not been as thoroughly characterized. This is despite the significant impact they have on the health of Canadians. The objective of this proposal is to develop tools for identifying and characterizing non-influenza respiratory viruses in circulation in different patient groups. Additionally, we will collect real-world on transmission and infectivity in hospital settings. Specific aims: 1) Characterize the genomic epidemiology of circulating respiratory viruses in Ontario. 2) Compare genomic differences between hospitalized, long-term care and community cases of respiratory virus infection. 3) Understand transmission dynamics and infectivity in long term care and nosocomial outbreaks. This proposal will address key questions on viral transmission and evolution as well as develop tools that can be immediately shared with the clinical community for ongoing surveillance. Additionally, it will provide valuable data that can improve hospital infection control practices and limit outbreaks. Our group has an established record of translational research in respiratory viruses. Dr. Kozak is a clinical microbiologist and Clinician-Scientist. He has expertise in developing diagnostics assays. This proposal is being done in conjunction with TIBDN as well as collaborators at other microbiology laboratories to facilitate easy collection of patient samples. Collectively, the findings from this project have potential to better prepare Canada for future respiratory virus epidemics.