Abstract
Adenosine is a naturally occurring purine nucleoside in every cell. Many critical treatments such as modulating irregular heartbeat (arrhythmias), regulation of central nervous system (CNS) activity and inhibiting seizural episodes can be carried out using adenosine. Despite the significant potential therapeutic impact of adenosine and its derivatives, the severe side effects caused by their systemic administration have significantly limited their clinical use. In addition, due to adenosines extremely short half-life in human blood (<10 s), there is an unmet need for sustained delivery systems to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects. In this article, various adenosine delivery techniques, including encapsulation into biodegradable polymers, cell-based delivery, implantable biomaterials and mechanical-based delivery systems, are critically reviewed and the existing challenges are highlighted.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 580-596 |
| Number of pages | 17 |
| Journal | Journal of Drug Targeting |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue number | 7-8 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Sept 14 2015 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (EFRI-1240443), IMMODGEL (602694), and the National Institutes of Health (EB012597, AR057837, DE021468, HL099073, AI105024, AR063745).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Taylor & Francis.
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- Pharmaceutical Science
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Review