Correlates of youth sport attrition: A review and future directions

Shea M. Balish; Colin McLaren; Daniel Rainham; Chris Blanchard

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.04.003

Correlates of youth sport attrition: A review and future directions

Shea M. Balish, Colin McLaren, Daniel Rainham, Chris Blanchard

Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

139 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objectives: This review aims to (a) identify correlates of youth sport attrition, (b) frame correlates within a multilevel model of youth sport participation (i.e., biological, intra-personal, inter-personal, institutional, community, and policy levels), and (c) assess the level of evidence for each correlate. Design: Review paper. Methods: Systematic review method. Results: Entering relevant search terms into PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Web of Knowledge databases identified 23 articles with a total of 8345 participants. Satisfactory articles largely examined sport-specific attrition and sampled youth from western countries (e.g., Canada, France, Spain, United States). Of the 141 correlates examined, most were framed at the intrapersonal (90) and inter-personal levels (43). The level of evidence for each correlate (i.e., high, low, insufficient) was systematically assessed based on the quantity and quality of supporting articles. In total, 11 correlates were categorized as having a high quality level of evidence and 10 as having a low quality. High quality correlates included, among others, age, autonomy, perceived competence, relatedness, and task climate. Conclusions: Overall, established correlates of youth sport attrition are largely social in nature. Future directions surrounding (a) the need to examine correlates at lower (i.e., biological level) and higher (i.e., institutional, community, policy) analytic levels, (b) to sample participants from more culturally diverse societies and (c) to examine sport-general attrition are offered.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	429-439
Number of pages	11
Journal	Psychology of Sport and Exercise
Volume	15
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.04.003
Publication status	Published - Jul 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The author is supported by a Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Doctoral Scholarship from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada ( SSHRC 767-2012-1381 ), Sport Canada, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada , and the CIHR Training Grant in Population Intervention for Chronic Disease Prevention: A Pan-Canadian Program (Grant #: 53893 ). The authors would also like to thank Mark Eys for helpful comments and criticisms of earlier drafts.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Applied Psychology

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10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.04.003

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title = "Correlates of youth sport attrition: A review and future directions",

abstract = "Objectives: This review aims to (a) identify correlates of youth sport attrition, (b) frame correlates within a multilevel model of youth sport participation (i.e., biological, intra-personal, inter-personal, institutional, community, and policy levels), and (c) assess the level of evidence for each correlate. Design: Review paper. Methods: Systematic review method. Results: Entering relevant search terms into PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Web of Knowledge databases identified 23 articles with a total of 8345 participants. Satisfactory articles largely examined sport-specific attrition and sampled youth from western countries (e.g., Canada, France, Spain, United States). Of the 141 correlates examined, most were framed at the intrapersonal (90) and inter-personal levels (43). The level of evidence for each correlate (i.e., high, low, insufficient) was systematically assessed based on the quantity and quality of supporting articles. In total, 11 correlates were categorized as having a high quality level of evidence and 10 as having a low quality. High quality correlates included, among others, age, autonomy, perceived competence, relatedness, and task climate. Conclusions: Overall, established correlates of youth sport attrition are largely social in nature. Future directions surrounding (a) the need to examine correlates at lower (i.e., biological level) and higher (i.e., institutional, community, policy) analytic levels, (b) to sample participants from more culturally diverse societies and (c) to examine sport-general attrition are offered.",

author = "Balish, {Shea M.} and Colin McLaren and Daniel Rainham and Chris Blanchard",

note = "Funding Information: The author is supported by a Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Doctoral Scholarship from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada ( SSHRC 767-2012-1381 ), Sport Canada, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada , and the CIHR Training Grant in Population Intervention for Chronic Disease Prevention: A Pan-Canadian Program (Grant #: 53893 ). The authors would also like to thank Mark Eys for helpful comments and criticisms of earlier drafts. ",

year = "2014",

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doi = "10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.04.003",

language = "English",

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T2 - A review and future directions

AU - Balish, Shea M.

AU - McLaren, Colin

AU - Rainham, Daniel

AU - Blanchard, Chris

N1 - Funding Information: The author is supported by a Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Doctoral Scholarship from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada ( SSHRC 767-2012-1381 ), Sport Canada, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada , and the CIHR Training Grant in Population Intervention for Chronic Disease Prevention: A Pan-Canadian Program (Grant #: 53893 ). The authors would also like to thank Mark Eys for helpful comments and criticisms of earlier drafts.

PY - 2014/7

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N2 - Objectives: This review aims to (a) identify correlates of youth sport attrition, (b) frame correlates within a multilevel model of youth sport participation (i.e., biological, intra-personal, inter-personal, institutional, community, and policy levels), and (c) assess the level of evidence for each correlate. Design: Review paper. Methods: Systematic review method. Results: Entering relevant search terms into PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Web of Knowledge databases identified 23 articles with a total of 8345 participants. Satisfactory articles largely examined sport-specific attrition and sampled youth from western countries (e.g., Canada, France, Spain, United States). Of the 141 correlates examined, most were framed at the intrapersonal (90) and inter-personal levels (43). The level of evidence for each correlate (i.e., high, low, insufficient) was systematically assessed based on the quantity and quality of supporting articles. In total, 11 correlates were categorized as having a high quality level of evidence and 10 as having a low quality. High quality correlates included, among others, age, autonomy, perceived competence, relatedness, and task climate. Conclusions: Overall, established correlates of youth sport attrition are largely social in nature. Future directions surrounding (a) the need to examine correlates at lower (i.e., biological level) and higher (i.e., institutional, community, policy) analytic levels, (b) to sample participants from more culturally diverse societies and (c) to examine sport-general attrition are offered.

AB - Objectives: This review aims to (a) identify correlates of youth sport attrition, (b) frame correlates within a multilevel model of youth sport participation (i.e., biological, intra-personal, inter-personal, institutional, community, and policy levels), and (c) assess the level of evidence for each correlate. Design: Review paper. Methods: Systematic review method. Results: Entering relevant search terms into PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Web of Knowledge databases identified 23 articles with a total of 8345 participants. Satisfactory articles largely examined sport-specific attrition and sampled youth from western countries (e.g., Canada, France, Spain, United States). Of the 141 correlates examined, most were framed at the intrapersonal (90) and inter-personal levels (43). The level of evidence for each correlate (i.e., high, low, insufficient) was systematically assessed based on the quantity and quality of supporting articles. In total, 11 correlates were categorized as having a high quality level of evidence and 10 as having a low quality. High quality correlates included, among others, age, autonomy, perceived competence, relatedness, and task climate. Conclusions: Overall, established correlates of youth sport attrition are largely social in nature. Future directions surrounding (a) the need to examine correlates at lower (i.e., biological level) and higher (i.e., institutional, community, policy) analytic levels, (b) to sample participants from more culturally diverse societies and (c) to examine sport-general attrition are offered.

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Correlates of youth sport attrition: A review and future directions

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

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