Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study

The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators

doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study

The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives: To develop recommendations for clinical and radiographic criteria to help define the “acceptable” surgical correction of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and identify/define complications postoperatively. Methods: A 3-phase modified Delphi study was conducted involving a case-based survey; a Likert/multiple choice-based survey concerning radiographic and physical examination characteristics to help define FAIS correction, as well as the prevalence and definition of potential postoperative complications; and 2 consensus meetings. Results: Of the 75 experts invited, 54 completed the Phase I survey, 50 completed the Phase II survey (72% and 67% response rate), and 50 participated in the Phase III consensus meetings. For both typical and atypical (complex) cases, there was consensus that fluoroscopy with multiple views and dynamic hip assessment should be used intraoperatively (96% and 100%, respectively). For typical FAIS cases, the Expert Panel agreed that Dunn lateral and anteroposterior radiographs were the most important radiographs to evaluate the hip postoperatively (88%, consensus). When asked about evaluating the correction of cam impingement postoperatively, 87% voted that they use subjective evaluation of the “sphericity” of the femoral head. In the case of focal and global pincer-type FAIS, there was consensus that the reduction or elimination of the crossover sign (84%) and lateral center-edge angle (91%) were important to inform the extent of the FAIS correction. There was consensus for recommending further investigation at 6 months postoperatively if hip pain had increased/plateaued (92% agreed); that additional investigation and treatment should occur between 6 and 12 months (90% agreed); and that a reoperation may be recommended at 12 months or later following this investigation period (89% agreed). Conclusions: This consensus project identified the importance of using fluoroscopy and dynamic hip assessment intraoperatively; Dunn lateral and anteroposterior view radiographs postoperatively; evaluating the “sphericity” of the femoral head for cam-type correction and the use of dynamic hip assessment; reducing/eliminating the crossover sign for focal pincer-type FAIS; evaluating the lateral center-edge angle for global pincer-type FAIS; and avoiding overcorrection of pincer-type FAIS. In cases in which postoperative hip pain increased/plateaued, further investigation and treatment is warranted between 6 and 12 months, and a reoperation may be recommended at a minimum of 12 months depending on the cause of the hip pain. Clinical Relevance: Hip arthroscopy surgeons have yet to reach a firm agreement on what constitutes an “acceptable” or “good” surgery radiographically and how they can achieve desired clinical outcomes. Although this was a comprehensive effort, more study is needed to determine therapeutic thresholds that can be universally applied.

Original language	English
Journal	Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 2023
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers’ bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense , and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material .

Funding Information:
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers’ bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense, and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Arthroscopy Association of North America

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article

Access to Document

10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

Cite this

The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators (Accepted/In press). Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study. Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study. / The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators.
In: Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 2023.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators 2023, 'Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study', Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators. Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study. Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

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title = "Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study",

abstract = "Objectives: To develop recommendations for clinical and radiographic criteria to help define the “acceptable” surgical correction of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and identify/define complications postoperatively. Methods: A 3-phase modified Delphi study was conducted involving a case-based survey; a Likert/multiple choice-based survey concerning radiographic and physical examination characteristics to help define FAIS correction, as well as the prevalence and definition of potential postoperative complications; and 2 consensus meetings. Results: Of the 75 experts invited, 54 completed the Phase I survey, 50 completed the Phase II survey (72% and 67% response rate), and 50 participated in the Phase III consensus meetings. For both typical and atypical (complex) cases, there was consensus that fluoroscopy with multiple views and dynamic hip assessment should be used intraoperatively (96% and 100%, respectively). For typical FAIS cases, the Expert Panel agreed that Dunn lateral and anteroposterior radiographs were the most important radiographs to evaluate the hip postoperatively (88%, consensus). When asked about evaluating the correction of cam impingement postoperatively, 87% voted that they use subjective evaluation of the “sphericity” of the femoral head. In the case of focal and global pincer-type FAIS, there was consensus that the reduction or elimination of the crossover sign (84%) and lateral center-edge angle (91%) were important to inform the extent of the FAIS correction. There was consensus for recommending further investigation at 6 months postoperatively if hip pain had increased/plateaued (92% agreed); that additional investigation and treatment should occur between 6 and 12 months (90% agreed); and that a reoperation may be recommended at 12 months or later following this investigation period (89% agreed). Conclusions: This consensus project identified the importance of using fluoroscopy and dynamic hip assessment intraoperatively; Dunn lateral and anteroposterior view radiographs postoperatively; evaluating the “sphericity” of the femoral head for cam-type correction and the use of dynamic hip assessment; reducing/eliminating the crossover sign for focal pincer-type FAIS; evaluating the lateral center-edge angle for global pincer-type FAIS; and avoiding overcorrection of pincer-type FAIS. In cases in which postoperative hip pain increased/plateaued, further investigation and treatment is warranted between 6 and 12 months, and a reoperation may be recommended at a minimum of 12 months depending on the cause of the hip pain. Clinical Relevance: Hip arthroscopy surgeons have yet to reach a firm agreement on what constitutes an “acceptable” or “good” surgery radiographically and how they can achieve desired clinical outcomes. Although this was a comprehensive effort, more study is needed to determine therapeutic thresholds that can be universally applied.",

author = "{The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators} and Ayeni, {Olufemi R.} and Rintje Agricola and {Tony Andrade}, {A. J.} and Babalola, {Oladimeji Ranti} and Baek, {Seung Hoon} and Filiep Bataillie and Belzile, {Etienne L.} and Nicolas Bonin and Brick, {Matthew J.} and Jordan Buchko and Josip Cakic and Sasha Carsen and Chan, {Yi Sheng} and Degen, {Ryan M.} and Dumont, {Guillaume D.} and Andrew Duong and Tim Dwyer and Leandro Ejnisman and Harris, {Joshua D.} and Bandar Hetaimish and Kelly Johnston and Vickas Khanduja and Vickas Khanna and Naomi Kobayashi and Baris Kocaoglu and Koh, {Jason L.} and Jovan Laskovski and Leblanc, {Marie Claude} and Dror Lindner and Sverre L{\o}ken and Bent Lund and Lynch, {T. Sean} and Maak, {Travis G.} and Ajay Malviya and {\'O}liver Mar{\'i}n-Pe{\~n}a and McConkey, {Mark O.} and Omer Mei-Dan and Travis Menge and Nault, {Marie Lyne} and Nylander, {Carlomagno Cardenas} and Derek Ochiai and John O'Donnell and Athanasios Papavasiliou and Thierry Pauyo and Queiroz, {Marcelo C.} and Filippo Randelli and Chris Raynor and Paulo Rego and Marc Safran and Ivan Wong",

note = "Funding Information: The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers{\textquoteright} bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense , and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material . Funding Information: The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers{\textquoteright} bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense, and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Arthroscopy Association of North America",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023",

language = "English",

journal = "Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery",

issn = "0749-8063",

publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

T2 - Results of an International Modified Delphi Study

AU - The Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Outcomes for Femoroacetabular Impingement Through Consensus (DEFINE) Investigators

AU - Ayeni, Olufemi R.

AU - Agricola, Rintje

AU - Tony Andrade, A. J.

AU - Babalola, Oladimeji Ranti

AU - Baek, Seung Hoon

AU - Bataillie, Filiep

AU - Belzile, Etienne L.

AU - Bonin, Nicolas

AU - Brick, Matthew J.

AU - Buchko, Jordan

AU - Cakic, Josip

AU - Carsen, Sasha

AU - Chan, Yi Sheng

AU - Degen, Ryan M.

AU - Dumont, Guillaume D.

AU - Duong, Andrew

AU - Dwyer, Tim

AU - Ejnisman, Leandro

AU - Harris, Joshua D.

AU - Hetaimish, Bandar

AU - Johnston, Kelly

AU - Khanduja, Vickas

AU - Khanna, Vickas

AU - Kobayashi, Naomi

AU - Kocaoglu, Baris

AU - Koh, Jason L.

AU - Laskovski, Jovan

AU - Leblanc, Marie Claude

AU - Lindner, Dror

AU - Løken, Sverre

AU - Lund, Bent

AU - Lynch, T. Sean

AU - Maak, Travis G.

AU - Malviya, Ajay

AU - Marín-Peña, Óliver

AU - McConkey, Mark O.

AU - Mei-Dan, Omer

AU - Menge, Travis

AU - Nault, Marie Lyne

AU - Nylander, Carlomagno Cardenas

AU - Ochiai, Derek

AU - O'Donnell, John

AU - Papavasiliou, Athanasios

AU - Pauyo, Thierry

AU - Queiroz, Marcelo C.

AU - Randelli, Filippo

AU - Raynor, Chris

AU - Rego, Paulo

AU - Safran, Marc

AU - Wong, Ivan

N1 - Funding Information: The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers’ bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense , and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material . Funding Information: The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: O.R.A. reports speakers’ bureau for CONMED. V.K. reports President, British Hip Society; and Chair, ESSKA and ISAKOS Hip Arthroscopy Committee. J.B. reports $100 honorarium for speaking at the 2021 Saskatchewan Nurse Practitioners Education Conference, also an honorarium for a presentation in 2020 to the Physiotherapists on Hip Disorders, and payment for travel expenses and hotel accommodations for speaking at the 2019 Saskatchewan Practical Orthopaedics Conference. Finally, J.B. received financial support for travel expenses and hotel accommodations from CONMED to attend the 2020 Complex Knee Surgery Symposium and 2019 Clearwater Arthroscopy Meeting. E.B. reports grants from CHIR, the Department of Defense, and FAROQ; personal fees from BodyCad, Pendopharm, Victhom, Stryker, CONMED, and Johnson & Johnson, outside the submitted work; and editorial board of Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. D.O. reports personal fees from CONMED and ISHA, Vice Chair, Technology. S.U. reports personal fees from Smith & Nephew and CONMED, outside the submitted work. The institution of the authors has received, during the study period, funding from a McMaster Surgical Associates Innovation Grant (ORA). ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Arthroscopy Association of North America

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Objectives: To develop recommendations for clinical and radiographic criteria to help define the “acceptable” surgical correction of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and identify/define complications postoperatively. Methods: A 3-phase modified Delphi study was conducted involving a case-based survey; a Likert/multiple choice-based survey concerning radiographic and physical examination characteristics to help define FAIS correction, as well as the prevalence and definition of potential postoperative complications; and 2 consensus meetings. Results: Of the 75 experts invited, 54 completed the Phase I survey, 50 completed the Phase II survey (72% and 67% response rate), and 50 participated in the Phase III consensus meetings. For both typical and atypical (complex) cases, there was consensus that fluoroscopy with multiple views and dynamic hip assessment should be used intraoperatively (96% and 100%, respectively). For typical FAIS cases, the Expert Panel agreed that Dunn lateral and anteroposterior radiographs were the most important radiographs to evaluate the hip postoperatively (88%, consensus). When asked about evaluating the correction of cam impingement postoperatively, 87% voted that they use subjective evaluation of the “sphericity” of the femoral head. In the case of focal and global pincer-type FAIS, there was consensus that the reduction or elimination of the crossover sign (84%) and lateral center-edge angle (91%) were important to inform the extent of the FAIS correction. There was consensus for recommending further investigation at 6 months postoperatively if hip pain had increased/plateaued (92% agreed); that additional investigation and treatment should occur between 6 and 12 months (90% agreed); and that a reoperation may be recommended at 12 months or later following this investigation period (89% agreed). Conclusions: This consensus project identified the importance of using fluoroscopy and dynamic hip assessment intraoperatively; Dunn lateral and anteroposterior view radiographs postoperatively; evaluating the “sphericity” of the femoral head for cam-type correction and the use of dynamic hip assessment; reducing/eliminating the crossover sign for focal pincer-type FAIS; evaluating the lateral center-edge angle for global pincer-type FAIS; and avoiding overcorrection of pincer-type FAIS. In cases in which postoperative hip pain increased/plateaued, further investigation and treatment is warranted between 6 and 12 months, and a reoperation may be recommended at a minimum of 12 months depending on the cause of the hip pain. Clinical Relevance: Hip arthroscopy surgeons have yet to reach a firm agreement on what constitutes an “acceptable” or “good” surgery radiographically and how they can achieve desired clinical outcomes. Although this was a comprehensive effort, more study is needed to determine therapeutic thresholds that can be universally applied.

AB - Objectives: To develop recommendations for clinical and radiographic criteria to help define the “acceptable” surgical correction of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and identify/define complications postoperatively. Methods: A 3-phase modified Delphi study was conducted involving a case-based survey; a Likert/multiple choice-based survey concerning radiographic and physical examination characteristics to help define FAIS correction, as well as the prevalence and definition of potential postoperative complications; and 2 consensus meetings. Results: Of the 75 experts invited, 54 completed the Phase I survey, 50 completed the Phase II survey (72% and 67% response rate), and 50 participated in the Phase III consensus meetings. For both typical and atypical (complex) cases, there was consensus that fluoroscopy with multiple views and dynamic hip assessment should be used intraoperatively (96% and 100%, respectively). For typical FAIS cases, the Expert Panel agreed that Dunn lateral and anteroposterior radiographs were the most important radiographs to evaluate the hip postoperatively (88%, consensus). When asked about evaluating the correction of cam impingement postoperatively, 87% voted that they use subjective evaluation of the “sphericity” of the femoral head. In the case of focal and global pincer-type FAIS, there was consensus that the reduction or elimination of the crossover sign (84%) and lateral center-edge angle (91%) were important to inform the extent of the FAIS correction. There was consensus for recommending further investigation at 6 months postoperatively if hip pain had increased/plateaued (92% agreed); that additional investigation and treatment should occur between 6 and 12 months (90% agreed); and that a reoperation may be recommended at 12 months or later following this investigation period (89% agreed). Conclusions: This consensus project identified the importance of using fluoroscopy and dynamic hip assessment intraoperatively; Dunn lateral and anteroposterior view radiographs postoperatively; evaluating the “sphericity” of the femoral head for cam-type correction and the use of dynamic hip assessment; reducing/eliminating the crossover sign for focal pincer-type FAIS; evaluating the lateral center-edge angle for global pincer-type FAIS; and avoiding overcorrection of pincer-type FAIS. In cases in which postoperative hip pain increased/plateaued, further investigation and treatment is warranted between 6 and 12 months, and a reoperation may be recommended at a minimum of 12 months depending on the cause of the hip pain. Clinical Relevance: Hip arthroscopy surgeons have yet to reach a firm agreement on what constitutes an “acceptable” or “good” surgery radiographically and how they can achieve desired clinical outcomes. Although this was a comprehensive effort, more study is needed to determine therapeutic thresholds that can be universally applied.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146092558&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85146092558&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

DO - 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.11.023

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SN - 0749-8063

JO - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery

JF - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery

ER -

Defining Parameters for Surgical Correction and Hip Complications for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Results of an International Modified Delphi Study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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PubMed: MeSH publication types

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