Management of pediatric neurogenic bladder

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the most current literature regarding the management of neurogenic bladder in children. RECENT FINDINGS: Several recent papers have addressed the investigation and management of children with neurogenic bladder. Bladder wall thickness as measured by ultrasound may identify the children with urodynamic risk factors for upper urinary tract deterioration. Strategies such as maximal anticholinergic therapy, total endoscopic management, conservative management throughout puberty, and isolated bladder neck procedures to avoid bladder augmentation show promise. However, at present, there is inadequate long-term follow-up to recommend widespread application of all of these approaches. As children with neurogenic bladder enjoy longer life spans, issues including risks of malignancy related to augmentation and transition to adult-centered care will continue to gain significance. SUMMARY: Pediatric urologists continue to face many challenges in the management of children with neurogenic bladder. This includes identifying predictors of upper urinary tract deterioration, finding efficacious strategies to avoid bladder augmentation, and long-term care. The most recent literature attempts to address these issues. Further prospective studies with adequate follow-up will benefit our understanding of this disease process and help to choose the best strategies to achieve continence and preserve renal function in this population.