Abstract
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in mood disorders is associated with unfavorable outcomes, including more frequent mood episodes, and increased risk of suicide. The reported prevalence of ADHD in individuals with mood disorders varies widely. Methods: We searched PsycInfo and PubMed for articles published before September 21st, 2020, using search terms for ADHD and mood disorders. We included original data on the prevalence of ADHD in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD). We estimated the prevalence of ADHD, by developmental period and disorder using random-effects meta-analyses. We also compared the rate of ADHD in people with MDD and BD, and with and without mood disorders. Results: Based on 92 studies including 17089 individuals, prevalence of ADHD in BD is 73% (95% CI 66–79) in childhood, 43% (95% CI 35–50) in adolescence, and 17% (95% CI 14–20) in adulthood. Data from 52 studies with 16897 individuals indicated that prevalence of ADHD in MDD is 28% (95% CI 19–39) in childhood, 17% (95% CI 12–24) in adolescence, and 7% (95% CI 4–11) in adulthood. ADHD was three times more common in people with mood disorders compared to those without and 1.7 times more common in BD compared to MDD. Conclusion: People with mood disorders are at a significant risk for ADHD. ADHD should be assessed and treated in individuals with BD and MDD. Comprehensive assessment strategies are needed to address challenges of diagnosing ADHD alongside mood disorders.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 380-391 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica |
| Volume | 143 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - May 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program [grant number 231397], the Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation [grant number 833], The Lindsey Family Graduate Scholarship, and the Swiss National Center of Competence in Research “NCCR Synapsy” [grant number 51NF40‐185897]. The funders had no role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The authors would like to thank Coskun and Zehra Ayazoglu, Katerina Dikaios, Judy Pakozdi, and Mehri Sajjadian for translation of articles from Turkish, Spanish, Hungarian, and Persian respectively.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
- Meta-Analysis
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Review
- Systematic Review
