Psyllium reduces blood lipids in men and women with hyperlipidemia

To see if a modest amount of soluble fiber reduced blood lipids in subjects with hyperlipidemia who were on a low-fat diet, 42 subjects (21 men, 21 women) consuming an American Heart Association step 2 diet took two servings of breakfast cereal daily for two 2-week periods in a randomized crossover trial. There were two types of test cereals, each providing 6.7 g psyllium fiber daily, and two types of wheat bran control cereals, matched for available carbohydrate and total fiber. Half the subjects tested each type of cereal, and the results were pooled because the psyllium cereals had similar effects on serum cholesterol levels. Comparing values at the end of 2 weeks, psyllium reduced serum total (6.33 ± 0.12 mmol/L versus 6.76 ± 0.12 mmol/L, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL; 4.36 ± 0.11 mmol/L versus 4.73 ± 0.12 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL; 1.10 ± 0.05 mmol/L versus 1.14 ± 0.05 mmol/L, p < 0.05) and the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio (4.27 ± 0.20 versus 4.48 ± 0.22, p < 0.02) with no effect on triglycerides. There was no significant interaction between the effects of treatment and sex for any of the blood lipid variables. Women tended to have greater decreases in total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels than men, but the present decrease in LDL/HDL ratio on psyllium was similar in men, 4.9%, and women, 4.7%. It is concluded that 6.7 g of psyllium fiber daily, with a low-fat diet, reduces serum cholesterol levels in both men and women with hyperlipidemia.