Sea-ice properties and nutrient concentration as drivers of the taxonomic and trophic structure of high-Arctic protist and metazoan communities

Hauke Flores; Carmen David; Julia Ehrlich; Kristin Hardge; Doreen Kohlbach; Benjamin A. Lange; Barbara Niehoff; Eva Maria Nöthig; Ilka Peeken; Katja Metfies

doi:10.1007/s00300-019-02526-z

Sea-ice properties and nutrient concentration as drivers of the taxonomic and trophic structure of high-Arctic protist and metazoan communities

Hauke Flores, Carmen David, Julia Ehrlich, Kristin Hardge, Doreen Kohlbach, Benjamin A. Lange, Barbara Niehoff, Eva Maria Nöthig, Ilka Peeken, Katja Metfies

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In the Arctic Ocean, sea-ice decline will significantly change the structure of biological communities. At the same time, changing nutrient dynamics can have similarly strong and potentially interacting effects. To investigate the response of the taxonomic and trophic structure of planktonic and ice-associated communities to varying sea-ice properties and nutrient concentrations, we analysed four different communities sampled in the Eurasian Basin in summer 2012: (1) protists and (2) metazoans from the under-ice habitat, and (3) protists and (4) metazoans from the epipelagic habitat. The taxonomic composition of protist communities was characterised with 18S meta-barcoding. The taxonomic composition of metazoan communities was determined based on morphology. The analysis of environmental parameters identified (i) a ‘shelf-influenced’ regime with melting sea ice, high-silicate concentrations and low NO_x (nitrate + nitrite) concentrations; (ii) a ‘Polar’ regime with low silicate concentrations and low NO_x concentrations; and (iii) an ‘Atlantic’ regime with low silicate concentrations and high NO_x concentrations. Multivariate analyses of combined bio-environmental datasets showed that taxonomic community structure primarily responded to the variability of sea-ice properties and hydrography across all four communities. Trophic community structure, however, responded significantly to NO_x concentrations. In three of the four communities, the most heterotrophic trophic group significantly dominated in the NO_x-poor shelf-influenced and Polar regimes compared to the NO_x-rich Atlantic regime. The more heterotrophic, NO_x-poor regimes were associated with lower productivity and carbon export than the NO_x-rich Atlantic regime. For modelling future Arctic ecosystems, it is important to consider that taxonomic diversity can respond to different drivers than trophic diversity.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1377-1395
Number of pages	19
Journal	Polar Biology
Volume	42
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-019-02526-z
Publication status	Published - Jul 15 2019
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin Ötjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships.

Funding Information:
This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Acknowledgements

Funding Information:
This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux : Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04?009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin ?tjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Access to Document

10.1007/s00300-019-02526-z

Cite this

@article{451e61ada4744e70986c857183670440,

title = "Sea-ice properties and nutrient concentration as drivers of the taxonomic and trophic structure of high-Arctic protist and metazoan communities",

abstract = "In the Arctic Ocean, sea-ice decline will significantly change the structure of biological communities. At the same time, changing nutrient dynamics can have similarly strong and potentially interacting effects. To investigate the response of the taxonomic and trophic structure of planktonic and ice-associated communities to varying sea-ice properties and nutrient concentrations, we analysed four different communities sampled in the Eurasian Basin in summer 2012: (1) protists and (2) metazoans from the under-ice habitat, and (3) protists and (4) metazoans from the epipelagic habitat. The taxonomic composition of protist communities was characterised with 18S meta-barcoding. The taxonomic composition of metazoan communities was determined based on morphology. The analysis of environmental parameters identified (i) a {\textquoteleft}shelf-influenced{\textquoteright} regime with melting sea ice, high-silicate concentrations and low NOx (nitrate + nitrite) concentrations; (ii) a {\textquoteleft}Polar{\textquoteright} regime with low silicate concentrations and low NOx concentrations; and (iii) an {\textquoteleft}Atlantic{\textquoteright} regime with low silicate concentrations and high NOx concentrations. Multivariate analyses of combined bio-environmental datasets showed that taxonomic community structure primarily responded to the variability of sea-ice properties and hydrography across all four communities. Trophic community structure, however, responded significantly to NOx concentrations. In three of the four communities, the most heterotrophic trophic group significantly dominated in the NOx-poor shelf-influenced and Polar regimes compared to the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. The more heterotrophic, NOx-poor regimes were associated with lower productivity and carbon export than the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. For modelling future Arctic ecosystems, it is important to consider that taxonomic diversity can respond to different drivers than trophic diversity.",

author = "Hauke Flores and Carmen David and Julia Ehrlich and Kristin Hardge and Doreen Kohlbach and Lange, {Benjamin A.} and Barbara Niehoff and N{\"o}thig, {Eva Maria} and Ilka Peeken and Katja Metfies",

note = "Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin {\"O}tjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Acknowledgements Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux : Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04?009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin ?tjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",

year = "2019",

month = jul,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1007/s00300-019-02526-z",

language = "English",

volume = "42",

pages = "1377--1395",

journal = "Polar Biology",

issn = "0722-4060",

publisher = "Springer Verlag",

number = "7",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Sea-ice properties and nutrient concentration as drivers of the taxonomic and trophic structure of high-Arctic protist and metazoan communities

AU - Flores, Hauke

AU - David, Carmen

AU - Ehrlich, Julia

AU - Hardge, Kristin

AU - Kohlbach, Doreen

AU - Lange, Benjamin A.

AU - Niehoff, Barbara

AU - Nöthig, Eva Maria

AU - Peeken, Ilka

AU - Metfies, Katja

N1 - Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin Ötjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux: Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04–009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Acknowledgements Funding Information: This study was conducted under the Helmholtz Association Research Programme Polar regions And Coasts in the changing Earth System II (PACES II), Topic 1, WP 4 and is part of the Helmholtz Association Young Investigators Groups Iceflux : Ice-ecosystem carbon flux in polar oceans (VH-NG-800) and PLANKTOSENS (VH-NG-500). SUIT was developed by Wageningen Marine Research (formerly IMARES) with support from the Netherlands Ministry of EZ (Project WOT-04?009-036) and the Netherlands Polar Program (Project ALW 866.13.009). I.P. received financial support from the TRANSDRIFT project; BMBF project #03G0833B. We would like to thank Captain Uwe Pahl and the crew of Polarstern expedition PS80 for their support in the field work. We thank Jan Andries van Franeker (IMARES) for kindly providing the Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) and Michiel van Dorssen for technical support with work at sea. We are grateful for the support by Erika Allhusen, Christiane Lorenzen, Sandra Murawski, Kerstin ?tjen and Martina Vortkamp with laboratory analyses. We thank Karel Bakker for kindly providing the nutrient data. BAL and DK were partly funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Visiting Fellowships. Publisher Copyright: © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

PY - 2019/7/15

Y1 - 2019/7/15

N2 - In the Arctic Ocean, sea-ice decline will significantly change the structure of biological communities. At the same time, changing nutrient dynamics can have similarly strong and potentially interacting effects. To investigate the response of the taxonomic and trophic structure of planktonic and ice-associated communities to varying sea-ice properties and nutrient concentrations, we analysed four different communities sampled in the Eurasian Basin in summer 2012: (1) protists and (2) metazoans from the under-ice habitat, and (3) protists and (4) metazoans from the epipelagic habitat. The taxonomic composition of protist communities was characterised with 18S meta-barcoding. The taxonomic composition of metazoan communities was determined based on morphology. The analysis of environmental parameters identified (i) a ‘shelf-influenced’ regime with melting sea ice, high-silicate concentrations and low NOx (nitrate + nitrite) concentrations; (ii) a ‘Polar’ regime with low silicate concentrations and low NOx concentrations; and (iii) an ‘Atlantic’ regime with low silicate concentrations and high NOx concentrations. Multivariate analyses of combined bio-environmental datasets showed that taxonomic community structure primarily responded to the variability of sea-ice properties and hydrography across all four communities. Trophic community structure, however, responded significantly to NOx concentrations. In three of the four communities, the most heterotrophic trophic group significantly dominated in the NOx-poor shelf-influenced and Polar regimes compared to the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. The more heterotrophic, NOx-poor regimes were associated with lower productivity and carbon export than the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. For modelling future Arctic ecosystems, it is important to consider that taxonomic diversity can respond to different drivers than trophic diversity.

AB - In the Arctic Ocean, sea-ice decline will significantly change the structure of biological communities. At the same time, changing nutrient dynamics can have similarly strong and potentially interacting effects. To investigate the response of the taxonomic and trophic structure of planktonic and ice-associated communities to varying sea-ice properties and nutrient concentrations, we analysed four different communities sampled in the Eurasian Basin in summer 2012: (1) protists and (2) metazoans from the under-ice habitat, and (3) protists and (4) metazoans from the epipelagic habitat. The taxonomic composition of protist communities was characterised with 18S meta-barcoding. The taxonomic composition of metazoan communities was determined based on morphology. The analysis of environmental parameters identified (i) a ‘shelf-influenced’ regime with melting sea ice, high-silicate concentrations and low NOx (nitrate + nitrite) concentrations; (ii) a ‘Polar’ regime with low silicate concentrations and low NOx concentrations; and (iii) an ‘Atlantic’ regime with low silicate concentrations and high NOx concentrations. Multivariate analyses of combined bio-environmental datasets showed that taxonomic community structure primarily responded to the variability of sea-ice properties and hydrography across all four communities. Trophic community structure, however, responded significantly to NOx concentrations. In three of the four communities, the most heterotrophic trophic group significantly dominated in the NOx-poor shelf-influenced and Polar regimes compared to the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. The more heterotrophic, NOx-poor regimes were associated with lower productivity and carbon export than the NOx-rich Atlantic regime. For modelling future Arctic ecosystems, it is important to consider that taxonomic diversity can respond to different drivers than trophic diversity.

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Sea-ice properties and nutrient concentration as drivers of the taxonomic and trophic structure of high-Arctic protist and metazoan communities

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