Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression

Ole Köhler-Forsberg; Henriette N. Buttenschøn; Katherine E. Tansey; Wolfgang Maier; Joanna Hauser; Mojca Zvezdana Dernovsek; Neven Henigsberg; Daniel Souery; Anne Farmer; Marcella Rietschel; Peter McGuffin; Katherine J. Aitchison; Rudolf Uher; Ole Mors

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.020

Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression

Ole Köhler-Forsberg, Henriette N. Buttenschøn, Katherine E. Tansey, Wolfgang Maier, Joanna Hauser, Mojca Zvezdana Dernovsek, Neven Henigsberg, Daniel Souery, Anne Farmer, Marcella Rietschel, Peter McGuffin, Katherine J. Aitchison, Rudolf Uher, Ole Mors

Medicine

Producción científica: Contribución a una revista › Artículo › revisión exhaustiva

214 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Introduction Population-based studies have associated inflammation, particularly higher C-reactive protein (CRP), with depressive severity, but clinical trials in major depressive disorder were rather non-specific without examining the role of gender. We aimed to investigate the association between CRP and overall depression severity including specific depressive symptoms and to examine potential gender differences. Methods We included 231 individuals with major depressive disorder from the Genome-Based Therapeutics Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study. At baseline, we assessed high-sensitivity CRP levels and psychopathology with the Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We performed linear regression analyses to investigate the association between baseline CRP levels with overall MADRS severity and specific symptoms at baseline and adjusted for age, gender, anti-inflammatory and psychotropic drug treatment, body mass index, smoking, inflammatory diseases, and recruitment center. Results Higher CRP levels were significantly associated with greater overall MADRS symptom severity (p = 0.02), which was significant among women (p = 0.02) but not among men (p = 0.68). Among women, higher CRP was associated with increased severity on observed mood, cognitive symptoms, interest-activity, and suicidality, but we found no significant associations among men. Interaction analyses showed no significant gender differences on the overall MADRS score or specific symptoms. Discussion Our results support the sickness syndrome theory suggesting that chronic low-grade inflammation may be associated with a subtype of depression. The potential gender differences in psychopathology may be explained by biological and/or psychosocial factors, e.g. differential modulation of immune responses by sex hormones. Clinical studies should investigate symptom-specific and/or gender-specific treatment guided by peripheral inflammatory markers.

Idioma original	English
Páginas (desde-hasta)	344-350
Número de páginas	7
Publicación	Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
Volumen	62
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.020
Estado	Published - may. 1 2017

Nota bibliográfica

Funding Information:
The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report.

Funding Information:
The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report.

Funding Information:
Dr. Uher is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program (file number 950-225925). Dr. Aitchison holds an Alberta Centennial Addiction and Mental Health Research Chair, funded by the Government of Alberta. Dr. Henigsberg has participated in clinical trials sponsored by Lundbeck, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer. Dr. Souery has served on advisory boards for, and received unrestricted grants from, Lundbeck and AstraZeneca. Dr. Aitchison has been a member of various advisory boards, received consultancy fees and honoraria, and has received research grants from various companies including Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceuticals Research and Development and Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Limited. Drs. Farmer and McGuffin have received honoraria for participating in expert panels for Lundbeck and GlaxoSmithKline. The other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Immunology
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Behavioral Neuroscience

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10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.020

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Köhler-Forsberg, O., Buttenschøn, H. N., Tansey, K. E., Maier, W., Hauser, J., Dernovsek, M. Z., Henigsberg, N., Souery, D., Farmer, A., Rietschel, M., McGuffin, P., Aitchison, K. J., Uher, R., & Mors, O. (2017). Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 62, 344-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.020

Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression. / Köhler-Forsberg, Ole; Buttenschøn, Henriette N.; Tansey, Katherine E. et al.
En: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, Vol. 62, 01.05.2017, p. 344-350.

Producción científica: Contribución a una revista › Artículo › revisión exhaustiva

Köhler-Forsberg, O, Buttenschøn, HN, Tansey, KE, Maier, W, Hauser, J, Dernovsek, MZ, Henigsberg, N, Souery, D, Farmer, A, Rietschel, M, McGuffin, P, Aitchison, KJ, Uher, R & Mors, O 2017, 'Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression', Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, vol. 62, pp. 344-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.020

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abstract = "Introduction Population-based studies have associated inflammation, particularly higher C-reactive protein (CRP), with depressive severity, but clinical trials in major depressive disorder were rather non-specific without examining the role of gender. We aimed to investigate the association between CRP and overall depression severity including specific depressive symptoms and to examine potential gender differences. Methods We included 231 individuals with major depressive disorder from the Genome-Based Therapeutics Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study. At baseline, we assessed high-sensitivity CRP levels and psychopathology with the Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We performed linear regression analyses to investigate the association between baseline CRP levels with overall MADRS severity and specific symptoms at baseline and adjusted for age, gender, anti-inflammatory and psychotropic drug treatment, body mass index, smoking, inflammatory diseases, and recruitment center. Results Higher CRP levels were significantly associated with greater overall MADRS symptom severity (p = 0.02), which was significant among women (p = 0.02) but not among men (p = 0.68). Among women, higher CRP was associated with increased severity on observed mood, cognitive symptoms, interest-activity, and suicidality, but we found no significant associations among men. Interaction analyses showed no significant gender differences on the overall MADRS score or specific symptoms. Discussion Our results support the sickness syndrome theory suggesting that chronic low-grade inflammation may be associated with a subtype of depression. The potential gender differences in psychopathology may be explained by biological and/or psychosocial factors, e.g. differential modulation of immune responses by sex hormones. Clinical studies should investigate symptom-specific and/or gender-specific treatment guided by peripheral inflammatory markers.",

author = "Ole K{\"o}hler-Forsberg and Buttensch{\o}n, {Henriette N.} and Tansey, {Katherine E.} and Wolfgang Maier and Joanna Hauser and Dernovsek, {Mojca Zvezdana} and Neven Henigsberg and Daniel Souery and Anne Farmer and Marcella Rietschel and Peter McGuffin and Aitchison, {Katherine J.} and Rudolf Uher and Ole Mors",

note = "Funding Information: The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report. Funding Information: The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report. Funding Information: Dr. Uher is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program (file number 950-225925). Dr. Aitchison holds an Alberta Centennial Addiction and Mental Health Research Chair, funded by the Government of Alberta. Dr. Henigsberg has participated in clinical trials sponsored by Lundbeck, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer. Dr. Souery has served on advisory boards for, and received unrestricted grants from, Lundbeck and AstraZeneca. Dr. Aitchison has been a member of various advisory boards, received consultancy fees and honoraria, and has received research grants from various companies including Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceuticals Research and Development and Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Limited. Drs. Farmer and McGuffin have received honoraria for participating in expert panels for Lundbeck and GlaxoSmithKline. The other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Inc.",

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T1 - Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression

AU - Köhler-Forsberg, Ole

AU - Buttenschøn, Henriette N.

AU - Tansey, Katherine E.

AU - Maier, Wolfgang

AU - Hauser, Joanna

AU - Dernovsek, Mojca Zvezdana

AU - Henigsberg, Neven

AU - Souery, Daniel

AU - Farmer, Anne

AU - Rietschel, Marcella

AU - McGuffin, Peter

AU - Aitchison, Katherine J.

AU - Uher, Rudolf

AU - Mors, Ole

N1 - Funding Information: The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report. Funding Information: The Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study was funded by a European Commission Framework 6 grant (EC Contract Ref LSHB-CT-2003-503428). Lundbeck provided both nortriptyline and escitalopram free of charge for the GENDEP study. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study, in data collection, analysis, or interpretation, or in writing the report. Funding Information: Dr. Uher is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program (file number 950-225925). Dr. Aitchison holds an Alberta Centennial Addiction and Mental Health Research Chair, funded by the Government of Alberta. Dr. Henigsberg has participated in clinical trials sponsored by Lundbeck, Takeda, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer. Dr. Souery has served on advisory boards for, and received unrestricted grants from, Lundbeck and AstraZeneca. Dr. Aitchison has been a member of various advisory boards, received consultancy fees and honoraria, and has received research grants from various companies including Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceuticals Research and Development and Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Limited. Drs. Farmer and McGuffin have received honoraria for participating in expert panels for Lundbeck and GlaxoSmithKline. The other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier Inc.

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N2 - Introduction Population-based studies have associated inflammation, particularly higher C-reactive protein (CRP), with depressive severity, but clinical trials in major depressive disorder were rather non-specific without examining the role of gender. We aimed to investigate the association between CRP and overall depression severity including specific depressive symptoms and to examine potential gender differences. Methods We included 231 individuals with major depressive disorder from the Genome-Based Therapeutics Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study. At baseline, we assessed high-sensitivity CRP levels and psychopathology with the Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We performed linear regression analyses to investigate the association between baseline CRP levels with overall MADRS severity and specific symptoms at baseline and adjusted for age, gender, anti-inflammatory and psychotropic drug treatment, body mass index, smoking, inflammatory diseases, and recruitment center. Results Higher CRP levels were significantly associated with greater overall MADRS symptom severity (p = 0.02), which was significant among women (p = 0.02) but not among men (p = 0.68). Among women, higher CRP was associated with increased severity on observed mood, cognitive symptoms, interest-activity, and suicidality, but we found no significant associations among men. Interaction analyses showed no significant gender differences on the overall MADRS score or specific symptoms. Discussion Our results support the sickness syndrome theory suggesting that chronic low-grade inflammation may be associated with a subtype of depression. The potential gender differences in psychopathology may be explained by biological and/or psychosocial factors, e.g. differential modulation of immune responses by sex hormones. Clinical studies should investigate symptom-specific and/or gender-specific treatment guided by peripheral inflammatory markers.

AB - Introduction Population-based studies have associated inflammation, particularly higher C-reactive protein (CRP), with depressive severity, but clinical trials in major depressive disorder were rather non-specific without examining the role of gender. We aimed to investigate the association between CRP and overall depression severity including specific depressive symptoms and to examine potential gender differences. Methods We included 231 individuals with major depressive disorder from the Genome-Based Therapeutics Drugs for Depression (GENDEP) study. At baseline, we assessed high-sensitivity CRP levels and psychopathology with the Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We performed linear regression analyses to investigate the association between baseline CRP levels with overall MADRS severity and specific symptoms at baseline and adjusted for age, gender, anti-inflammatory and psychotropic drug treatment, body mass index, smoking, inflammatory diseases, and recruitment center. Results Higher CRP levels were significantly associated with greater overall MADRS symptom severity (p = 0.02), which was significant among women (p = 0.02) but not among men (p = 0.68). Among women, higher CRP was associated with increased severity on observed mood, cognitive symptoms, interest-activity, and suicidality, but we found no significant associations among men. Interaction analyses showed no significant gender differences on the overall MADRS score or specific symptoms. Discussion Our results support the sickness syndrome theory suggesting that chronic low-grade inflammation may be associated with a subtype of depression. The potential gender differences in psychopathology may be explained by biological and/or psychosocial factors, e.g. differential modulation of immune responses by sex hormones. Clinical studies should investigate symptom-specific and/or gender-specific treatment guided by peripheral inflammatory markers.

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Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression

Resumen

Nota bibliográfica

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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