Human serum enhances the postantibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones against Staphylococcus aureus

The postantibiotic effect (PAE) of fluoroquinolones against Staphylococcus aureus was determined in Mueller-Hinton broth and normal human serum. At both 4x and 10x the MIC, serum significantly increased the duration of the PAE in all strains tested (P < 0.05). Reducing the pH of the serum from 7.9 to 7.2 had no effect on the PAE. Heat treating the serum (56°C, 30 min) reduced the PAE of ciprofloxacin at 10x the MIC approximately 25% (P < 0.05). The PAE of cloxacillin was reduced approximately 80% in serum, and PAE experiments with gentamicin and cephalexin produced findings similar to those obtained with the fluoroquinolones. Serum increased the MICs of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin less than twofold and increased the MIC of pefloxacin approximately fourfold. We conclude that normal human serum considerably increases the PAE of fluoroquinolones against S. aureus.