Knee effusion affects knee mechanics and muscle activity during gait in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

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Resumen

Objective: To test the hypothesis that knee effusion presence in those with knee osteoarthritis (OA) alters knee joint muscle activation patterns and sagittal plane mechanics during gait. Methods: Thirty-five patients with medial compartment knee OA were assessed for the presence of effusion using a brush test. Based on the results, they were assigned to the knee effusion (n = 17) and no knee effusion (n = 18) groups. Electromyograms from seven lower extremity muscles (lateral and medial gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis and medialis, rectus femoris and the lateral and medial hamstrings), leg motion and ground reaction forces were recorded during self-selected walking. Isometric knee extensor, plantar flexor and knee flexor strength were measured. Discrete measures from angular knee motion and net external moment of force waveforms were identified. Principal component analysis extracted electromyographic waveform features. Analysis of variance models tested for main effects (group, muscle) and interactions (α = 0.05). Bonferroni post-hoc testing was employed. Results: No differences in age, body mass index, knee pain, Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index scores, gait velocity and muscle strength were found between groups (P > 0.05). Individuals with effusion had a greater overall quadriceps activation and prolonged hamstring activation into mid-stance (P < 0.05). Knee joint flexion angles were higher (P < 0.05) and net external knee extension (KE) moments in mid to late stance lower in the effusion group. Conclusion: Quadriceps and hamstrings activation during walking were altered when effusions were present. Increased knee flexion (KF) angles and decreased KE moment in mid-late stance provide a mechanical explanation for the effect of joint effusion on muscle activation in those with knee OA.

Idioma originalEnglish
Páginas (desde-hasta)974-981
Número de páginas8
PublicaciónOsteoarthritis and Cartilage
Volumen20
N.º9
DOI
EstadoPublished - sep. 2012

Nota bibliográfica

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation , Killam Trust and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for funding. The authors acknowledge that the study sponsors had no involvement in study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation of the data, writing of the manuscript and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • Rheumatology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

PubMed: MeSH publication types

  • Journal Article
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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