Simulation of fresnel based beam focusing and steering for a crossed electrode array

Fresnel based beamforming has been investigated for use as a steerable lens for 3D imaging arrays. Implementing a Fresnel zone plate approach in an ultrasound transducer requires control of the pulse polarity. Arrays built on either electrostrictive ceramics or CMUTs are appropriate for this approach because the response is controlled by a DC bias. Electrostrictive ceramics such as lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) ceramic can be used as the array substrate in place of conventional piezoelectrics.