Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals

Emma C.L. Finlayson-Trick, Landon J. Getz, Patrick D. Slaine, Mackenzie Thornbury, Emily Lamoureux, Jamie Cook, Morgan G.I. Langille, Lois E. Murray, Craig McCormick, John R. Rohde, Zhenyu Cheng

Producción científica: Contribución a una revistaArtículorevisión exhaustiva

25 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components. Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose. Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla). 16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf). In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order. We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals. The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote. These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.

Idioma originalEnglish
Número de artículoe0189404
PublicaciónPLoS One
Volumen12
N.º12
DOI
EstadoPublished - dic. 2017

Nota bibliográfica

Funding Information:
Dalhousie University Office of the President, Dalhousie Student Union, Academic Innovation Fund, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Science, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Integrated Microbiome Resource provided financial support for this project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Finlayson-Trick et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • General

PubMed: MeSH publication types

  • Journal Article
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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