The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China

Tommy Tsan Yuk Lam; Jia Wang; Yongyi Shen; Boping Zhou; Lian Duan; Chung Lam Cheung; Chi Ma; Samantha J. Lycett; Connie Yin Hung Leung; Xinchun Chen; Lifeng Li; Wenshan Hong; Yujuan Chai; Linlin Zhou; Huyi Liang; Zhihua Ou; Yongmei Liu; Amber Farooqui; David J. Kelvin; Leo L.M. Poon; David K. Smith; Oliver G. Pybus; Gabriel M. Leung; Yuelong Shu; Robert G. Webster; Richard J. Webby; Joseph S.M. Peiris; Andrew Rambaut; Huachen Zhu; Yi Guan

doi:10.1038/nature12515

The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China

Tommy Tsan Yuk Lam, Jia Wang, Yongyi Shen, Boping Zhou, Lian Duan, Chung Lam Cheung, Chi Ma, Samantha J. Lycett, Connie Yin Hung Leung, Xinchun Chen, Lifeng Li, Wenshan Hong, Yujuan Chai, Linlin Zhou, Huyi Liang, Zhihua Ou, Yongmei Liu, Amber Farooqui, David J. Kelvin, Leo L.M. PoonDavid K. Smith, Oliver G. Pybus, Gabriel M. Leung, Yuelong Shu, Robert G. Webster, Richard J. Webby, Joseph S.M. Peiris, Andrew Rambaut, Huachen Zhu, Yi Guan

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396 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

A novel H7N9 influenza A virus first detected in March 2013 has since caused more than 130 human infections in China, resulting in 40 deaths. Preliminary analyses suggest that the virus is a reassortant of H7, N9 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses, and carries some amino acids associated with mammalian receptor binding, raising concerns of a new pandemic. However, neither the source populations of the H7N9 outbreak lineage nor the conditions for its genesis are fully known. Using a combination of active surveillance, screening of virus archives, and evolutionary analyses, here we show that H7 viruses probably transferred from domestic duck to chicken populations in China on at least two independent occasions. We show that the H7 viruses subsequently reassorted with enzootic H9N2 viruses to generate the H7N9 outbreak lineage, and a related previously unrecognized H7N7 lineage. The H7N9 outbreak lineage has spread over a large geographic region and is prevalent in chickens at live poultry markets, which are thought to be the immediate source of human infections. Whether the H7N9 outbreak lineage has, or will, become enzootic in China and neighbouring regions requires further investigation. The discovery here of a related H7N7 influenza virus in chickens that has the ability to infect mammals experimentally, suggests that H7 viruses may pose threats beyond the current outbreak. The continuing prevalence of H7 viruses in poultry could lead to the generation of highly pathogenic variants and further sporadic human infections, with a continued risk of the virus acquiring human-to-human transmissibility.

Idioma original	English
Páginas (desde-hasta)	241-244
Número de páginas	4
Publicación	Nature
Volumen	502
N.º	7470
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12515
Estado	Published - 2013
Publicado de forma externa	Sí

Nota bibliográfica

Funding Information:
AcknowledgementsWethank our colleagues fromthe Joint InfluenzaResearchCentre (SUMC/HKU) and the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases for their technical assistance. This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases contract HSN266200700005C), Li Ka Shing Foundation, the Area of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee of the Hong Kong SAR (grant AoE/M-12/06), Shenzhen Peacock Plan High-End Talents Program (KQTD201203), the University Development Fund (HKU) and the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Government. T.T.-Y.L. was supported in part by a Newton International Fellowship of the Royal Society. Metabiota’s involvement was supported by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats Program, PREDICT project, under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 278433-PREDEMICS, ERC Grant agreement no. 260864 and the Wellcome Trust (grant 092807) to A.R. and S.J.L.

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Lam, T. T. Y., Wang, J., Shen, Y., Zhou, B., Duan, L., Cheung, C. L., Ma, C., Lycett, S. J., Leung, C. Y. H., Chen, X., Li, L., Hong, W., Chai, Y., Zhou, L., Liang, H., Ou, Z., Liu, Y., Farooqui, A., Kelvin, D. J., ... Guan, Y. (2013). The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China. Nature, 502(7470), 241-244. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12515

Lam, TTY, Wang, J, Shen, Y, Zhou, B, Duan, L, Cheung, CL, Ma, C, Lycett, SJ, Leung, CYH, Chen, X, Li, L, Hong, W, Chai, Y, Zhou, L, Liang, H, Ou, Z, Liu, Y, Farooqui, A, Kelvin, DJ, Poon, LLM, Smith, DK, Pybus, OG, Leung, GM, Shu, Y, Webster, RG, Webby, RJ, Peiris, JSM, Rambaut, A, Zhu, H & Guan, Y 2013, 'The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China', Nature, vol. 502, n.º 7470, pp. 241-244. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12515

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title = "The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China",

abstract = "A novel H7N9 influenza A virus first detected in March 2013 has since caused more than 130 human infections in China, resulting in 40 deaths. Preliminary analyses suggest that the virus is a reassortant of H7, N9 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses, and carries some amino acids associated with mammalian receptor binding, raising concerns of a new pandemic. However, neither the source populations of the H7N9 outbreak lineage nor the conditions for its genesis are fully known. Using a combination of active surveillance, screening of virus archives, and evolutionary analyses, here we show that H7 viruses probably transferred from domestic duck to chicken populations in China on at least two independent occasions. We show that the H7 viruses subsequently reassorted with enzootic H9N2 viruses to generate the H7N9 outbreak lineage, and a related previously unrecognized H7N7 lineage. The H7N9 outbreak lineage has spread over a large geographic region and is prevalent in chickens at live poultry markets, which are thought to be the immediate source of human infections. Whether the H7N9 outbreak lineage has, or will, become enzootic in China and neighbouring regions requires further investigation. The discovery here of a related H7N7 influenza virus in chickens that has the ability to infect mammals experimentally, suggests that H7 viruses may pose threats beyond the current outbreak. The continuing prevalence of H7 viruses in poultry could lead to the generation of highly pathogenic variants and further sporadic human infections, with a continued risk of the virus acquiring human-to-human transmissibility.",

author = "Lam, {Tommy Tsan Yuk} and Jia Wang and Yongyi Shen and Boping Zhou and Lian Duan and Cheung, {Chung Lam} and Chi Ma and Lycett, {Samantha J.} and Leung, {Connie Yin Hung} and Xinchun Chen and Lifeng Li and Wenshan Hong and Yujuan Chai and Linlin Zhou and Huyi Liang and Zhihua Ou and Yongmei Liu and Amber Farooqui and Kelvin, {David J.} and Poon, {Leo L.M.} and Smith, {David K.} and Pybus, {Oliver G.} and Leung, {Gabriel M.} and Yuelong Shu and Webster, {Robert G.} and Webby, {Richard J.} and Peiris, {Joseph S.M.} and Andrew Rambaut and Huachen Zhu and Yi Guan",

note = "Funding Information: AcknowledgementsWethank our colleagues fromthe Joint InfluenzaResearchCentre (SUMC/HKU) and the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases for their technical assistance. This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases contract HSN266200700005C), Li Ka Shing Foundation, the Area of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee of the Hong Kong SAR (grant AoE/M-12/06), Shenzhen Peacock Plan High-End Talents Program (KQTD201203), the University Development Fund (HKU) and the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Government. T.T.-Y.L. was supported in part by a Newton International Fellowship of the Royal Society. Metabiota{\textquoteright}s involvement was supported by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats Program, PREDICT project, under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 278433-PREDEMICS, ERC Grant agreement no. 260864 and the Wellcome Trust (grant 092807) to A.R. and S.J.L.",

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AU - Cheung, Chung Lam

AU - Ma, Chi

AU - Lycett, Samantha J.

AU - Leung, Connie Yin Hung

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N1 - Funding Information: AcknowledgementsWethank our colleagues fromthe Joint InfluenzaResearchCentre (SUMC/HKU) and the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases for their technical assistance. This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases contract HSN266200700005C), Li Ka Shing Foundation, the Area of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee of the Hong Kong SAR (grant AoE/M-12/06), Shenzhen Peacock Plan High-End Talents Program (KQTD201203), the University Development Fund (HKU) and the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Government. T.T.-Y.L. was supported in part by a Newton International Fellowship of the Royal Society. Metabiota’s involvement was supported by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats Program, PREDICT project, under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 278433-PREDEMICS, ERC Grant agreement no. 260864 and the Wellcome Trust (grant 092807) to A.R. and S.J.L.

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N2 - A novel H7N9 influenza A virus first detected in March 2013 has since caused more than 130 human infections in China, resulting in 40 deaths. Preliminary analyses suggest that the virus is a reassortant of H7, N9 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses, and carries some amino acids associated with mammalian receptor binding, raising concerns of a new pandemic. However, neither the source populations of the H7N9 outbreak lineage nor the conditions for its genesis are fully known. Using a combination of active surveillance, screening of virus archives, and evolutionary analyses, here we show that H7 viruses probably transferred from domestic duck to chicken populations in China on at least two independent occasions. We show that the H7 viruses subsequently reassorted with enzootic H9N2 viruses to generate the H7N9 outbreak lineage, and a related previously unrecognized H7N7 lineage. The H7N9 outbreak lineage has spread over a large geographic region and is prevalent in chickens at live poultry markets, which are thought to be the immediate source of human infections. Whether the H7N9 outbreak lineage has, or will, become enzootic in China and neighbouring regions requires further investigation. The discovery here of a related H7N7 influenza virus in chickens that has the ability to infect mammals experimentally, suggests that H7 viruses may pose threats beyond the current outbreak. The continuing prevalence of H7 viruses in poultry could lead to the generation of highly pathogenic variants and further sporadic human infections, with a continued risk of the virus acquiring human-to-human transmissibility.

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The genesis and source of the H7N9 influenza viruses causing human infections in China

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