Résumé
Background: Everyday pain experiences (minor bumps/scrapes) are common in early childhood and create frequent opportunities for socialization of pain behaviors. Nevertheless, everyday pain during the formative toddler period has been largely overlooked. Aims: The aim of the current study was to describe the frequency and nature of toddlers’ everyday pain experiences, child and parent responses, and the relationship between child characteristics (age, sex, temperament) and responses. Methods: Fifty-two children aged 12–32 months and their parents were observed at an indoor play facility. Using an observational checklist, trained observers recorded children’s everyday pain incidents and associated child and parent responses. Results: Overall, 101 pain incidents were observed, the majority of which evoked low levels of pain and distress, which resolved after 1 min. Pain incidents occurred at a rate of 1.02 incidents/child/hour, with 81% of children experiencing at least one incident, which is higher than previous research with preschoolers and daycare staff. Common parent responses included a range of verbal (reassurance) and nonverbal (staying closer, hugging/kissing child) behaviors. Boys were more likely to not exhibit any protective behaviors. Parents were more likely to pick up older toddlers. Conclusions: Future research should examine the link between self-reported and observed parent responses to child pain in everyday and clinical contexts.
Langue d'origine | English |
---|---|
Pages (de-à) | 74-86 |
Nombre de pages | 13 |
Journal | Canadian Journal of Pain |
Volume | 2 |
Numéro de publication | 1 |
DOI | |
Statut de publication | Published - 2018 |
Publié à l'externe | Oui |
Note bibliographique
Funding Information:This research was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research under Grant number 89887, the Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation under Grant number 3508, and the Canada Foundation for Innovation under Grant number 6959 awarded to Dr. Christine Chambers, who currently holds a Canada Research Chair Children’s Pain (Tier I). Dr. Melanie Noel is supported by the Vi Riddell Pediatric Pain Research Initiative and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute. Perri Tutelman is supported by a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. We thank Dr. Nancy Bandstra, Adele Gouthro, Dr. Sara King, Mandi MacDonald, Dr. C. Meghan McMurtry, Dr. Erin Moon, and Sandra Williams for their assistance with data collection. We thank the staff at On the Grow Fit Family Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia, for allowing us to use their play facility and extend our appreciation to all of the children and parents who participated in this research.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Melanie Noel, Christine T. Chambers, Jennifer A. Parker, Kate Aubrey, Perri R. Tutelman, Barbara Morrongiello, Chris Moore, Patrick J. McGrath, Natalie L. Yanchar, and Carl L. Von Baeyer. Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. © 2018 Melanie Noel, Christine T. Chambers, Jennifer A. Parker, Kate Aubrey, Perri R. Tutelman, Barbara Morrongiello, Chris Moore, Patrick J. McGrath, Natalie L. Yanchar, and Carl L. Von Baeyer.
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine