TY - JOUR
T1 - CARD 2023
T2 - expanded curation, support for machine learning, and resistome prediction at the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database
AU - Alcock, Brian P.
AU - Huynh, William
AU - Chalil, Romeo
AU - Smith, Keaton W.
AU - Raphenya, Amogelang R.
AU - Wlodarski, Mateusz A.
AU - Edalatmand, Arman
AU - Petkau, Aaron
AU - Syed, Sohaib A.
AU - Tsang, Kara K.
AU - Baker, Sheridan J.C.
AU - Dave, Mugdha
AU - McCarthy, Madeline C.
AU - Mukiri, Karyn M.
AU - Nasir, Jalees A.
AU - Golbon, Bahar
AU - Imtiaz, Hamna
AU - Jiang, Xingjian
AU - Kaur, Komal
AU - Kwong, Megan
AU - Liang, Zi Cheng
AU - Niu, Keyu C.
AU - Shan, Prabakar
AU - Yang, Jasmine Y.J.
AU - Gray, Kristen L.
AU - Hoad, Gemma R.
AU - Jia, Baofeng
AU - Bhando, Timsy
AU - Carfrae, Lindsey A.
AU - Farha, Maya A.
AU - French, Shawn
AU - Gordzevich, Rodion
AU - Rachwalski, Kenneth
AU - Tu, Megan M.
AU - Bordeleau, Emily
AU - Dooley, Damion
AU - Griffiths, Emma
AU - Zubyk, Haley L.
AU - Brown, Eric D.
AU - Maguire, Finlay
AU - Beiko, Robert G.
AU - Hsiao, William W.L.
AU - Brinkman, Fiona S.L.
AU - Van Domselaar, Gary
AU - McArthur, Andrew G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
PY - 2023/1/6
Y1 - 2023/1/6
N2 - The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD; card.mcmaster.ca) combines the Antibiotic Resistance Ontology (ARO) with curated AMR gene (ARG) sequences and resistance-conferring mutations to provide an informatics framework for annotation and interpretation of resistomes. As of version 3.2.4, CARD encompasses 6627 ontology terms, 5010 reference sequences, 1933 mutations, 3004 publications, and 5057 AMR detection models that can be used by the accompanying Resistance Gene Identifier (RGI) software to annotate genomic or metagenomic sequences. Focused curation enhancements since 2020 include expanded β-lactamase curation, incorporation of likelihood-based AMR mutations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, addition of disinfectants and antiseptics plus their associated ARGs, and systematic curation of resistance-modifying agents. This expanded curation includes 180 new AMR gene families, 15 new drug classes, 1 new resistance mechanism, and two new ontological relationships: evolutionary_variant_of and is_small_molecule_inhibitor. In silico prediction of resistomes and prevalence statistics of ARGs has been expanded to 377 pathogens, 21,079 chromosomes, 2,662 genomic islands, 41,828 plasmids and 155,606 whole-genome shotgun assemblies, resulting in collation of 322,710 unique ARG allele sequences. New features include the CARD:Live collection of community submitted isolate resistome data and the introduction of standardized 15 character CARD Short Names for ARGs to support machine learning efforts.
AB - The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD; card.mcmaster.ca) combines the Antibiotic Resistance Ontology (ARO) with curated AMR gene (ARG) sequences and resistance-conferring mutations to provide an informatics framework for annotation and interpretation of resistomes. As of version 3.2.4, CARD encompasses 6627 ontology terms, 5010 reference sequences, 1933 mutations, 3004 publications, and 5057 AMR detection models that can be used by the accompanying Resistance Gene Identifier (RGI) software to annotate genomic or metagenomic sequences. Focused curation enhancements since 2020 include expanded β-lactamase curation, incorporation of likelihood-based AMR mutations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, addition of disinfectants and antiseptics plus their associated ARGs, and systematic curation of resistance-modifying agents. This expanded curation includes 180 new AMR gene families, 15 new drug classes, 1 new resistance mechanism, and two new ontological relationships: evolutionary_variant_of and is_small_molecule_inhibitor. In silico prediction of resistomes and prevalence statistics of ARGs has been expanded to 377 pathogens, 21,079 chromosomes, 2,662 genomic islands, 41,828 plasmids and 155,606 whole-genome shotgun assemblies, resulting in collation of 322,710 unique ARG allele sequences. New features include the CARD:Live collection of community submitted isolate resistome data and the introduction of standardized 15 character CARD Short Names for ARGs to support machine learning efforts.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85145976837&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85145976837&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/nar/gkac920
DO - 10.1093/nar/gkac920
M3 - Article
C2 - 36263822
AN - SCOPUS:85145976837
SN - 0305-1048
VL - 51
SP - D690-D699
JO - Nucleic Acids Research
JF - Nucleic Acids Research
IS - D1
ER -