Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability

Samantha M. Knight; Elizabeth A. Gow; David W. Bradley; Robert G. Clark; Marc Bélisle; Lisha L. Berzins; Tricia Blake; Eli S. Bridge; Lauren Burke; Russell D. Dawson; Peter O. Dunn; Dany Garant; Geoffrey L. Holroyd; David J.T. Hussell; Olga Lansdorp; Andrew J. Laughlin; Marty L. Leonard; Fanie Pelletier; Dave Shutler; Lynn Siefferman; Caz M. Taylor; Helen E. Trefry; Carol M. Vleck; David Vleck; Linda A. Whittingham; David W. Winkler; D. Ryan Norris

doi:10.1093/auk/ukz028

Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability

Samantha M. Knight, Elizabeth A. Gow, David W. Bradley, Robert G. Clark, Marc Bélisle, Lisha L. Berzins, Tricia Blake, Eli S. Bridge, Lauren Burke, Russell D. Dawson, Peter O. Dunn, Dany Garant, Geoffrey L. Holroyd, David J.T. Hussell, Olga Lansdorp, Andrew J. Laughlin, Marty L. Leonard, Fanie Pelletier, Dave Shutler, Lynn SieffermanCaz M. Taylor, Helen E. Trefry, Carol M. Vleck, David Vleck, Linda A. Whittingham, David W. Winkler, D. Ryan Norris

Medicine

Résultat de recherche: Article › examen par les pairs

14 Citations (Scopus)

Résumé

There have been an increasing number of observations of itinerancy in migratory songbirds, where individuals move among 2 or more widely separated areas during the "stationary" nonbreeding season. Knowledge of such movements and an understanding of what drives them are important for predicting how migratory populations will respond to environmental change. In this study, we investigated nonbreeding movements of the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), an aerial insectivore that breeds across North America and spends the nonbreeding season around the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. With year-round tracking data obtained from 133 light-level geolocators deployed at 12 breeding sites ranging from Alaska to Nova Scotia to North Carolina, we show that 44% of individuals made at least one large-scale movement (range: 301-1,744 km) within the nonbreeding range. The frequency of itinerancy decreased with longitude, such that 75% of individuals made a movement in the western portion of the nonbreeding range compared to only 31% in the east. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for resource availability, we found that when individuals did move, they were more likely to move from sites where resources were deteriorating faster (a more negative change in NDVI prior to departure) than their destination sites. There was also evidence that individuals moved to destination sites with higher NDVI and temperature in the autumn, but not in the winter. Our results suggest movements of Tree Swallows during the nonbreeding season are influenced by resource availability, but because not all individuals used multiple nonbreeding sites, the density of individuals at a site and the level of competition may have also been a factor influencing nonbreeding season movements.

Langue d'origine	English
Numéro d'article	ukz028
Journal	Auk
Volume	136
Numéro de publication	3
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz028
Statut de publication	Published - juill. 23 2019

Note bibliographique

Funding Information:
We thank the numerous field assistants, graduate students, undergraduate students, and volunteers who assisted with fieldwork at all 12 breeding sites used in this study. We also thank Neil Paprocki and 5 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Funding statement: Funding for the study was provided by Leaders Opportunity Fund Grants from the Canadian Foundationfor Innovation (D.R.N., R.D.D.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants (D.R.N., R.G.C., R.D.D., M.B., D.G., F.P., M.L.L.), NSERC Research Tools and Instruments Grant (D.R.N., M.B., R.D.D., D.G., M.L.L., F.P., D.S.), NSERC Industrial Research and Development Fellowship (D.W.B.), NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship (L.L.B), NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship (E.A.G.), NSERC Canada Research Chairs Program (M.B., F.P.), University of Guelph (D.R.N.), Environment and Climate Change Canada (R.G.C., O.L.), Bird Studies Canada (D.W.B., D.J.T.H.), University of Northern British Columbia (R.D.D.), British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund (R.D.D.), Skaggs Foundation (T.B.), National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0933602 (C.M.T.), National Science Foundation Grant IOS-0745156 (C.M.V., D.V.), Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Nature et Technologies (M.B., D.G., F.P.), James S. McDonnell Foundation (C.M.T.), Alberta Conservation Association (G.L.H, H.E.T.), TD Friends of the Environment (G.L.H., H.E.T.), Shell Environmental Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.), and Nature Canada’s Charles Labatiuk Nature Endowment Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.). The development and analysis of some of the geolocators were supported by the National Science Foundation grants nos. IDBR 1152356 and DEB 0946685 (E.S.B.), and IDBR 1152131 (D.W.W.). None of our funders had any influence on the content of the submitted or published manuscript and none of our funders require approval of the final manuscript to be published.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Animal Science and Zoology

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10.1093/auk/ukz028

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Citer

Knight, S. M., Gow, E. A., Bradley, D. W., Clark, R. G., Bélisle, M., Berzins, L. L., Blake, T., Bridge, E. S., Burke, L., Dawson, R. D., Dunn, P. O., Garant, D., Holroyd, G. L., Hussell, D. J. T., Lansdorp, O., Laughlin, A. J., Leonard, M. L., Pelletier, F., Shutler, D., ... Ryan Norris, D. (2019). Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability. Auk, 136(3), Article ukz028. https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz028

Knight, SM, Gow, EA, Bradley, DW, Clark, RG, Bélisle, M, Berzins, LL, Blake, T, Bridge, ES, Burke, L, Dawson, RD, Dunn, PO, Garant, D, Holroyd, GL, Hussell, DJT, Lansdorp, O, Laughlin, AJ, Leonard, ML, Pelletier, F, Shutler, D, Siefferman, L, Taylor, CM, Trefry, HE, Vleck, CM, Vleck, D, Whittingham, LA, Winkler, DW & Ryan Norris, D 2019, 'Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability', Auk, vol. 136, n° 3, ukz028. https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz028

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title = "Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability",

abstract = "There have been an increasing number of observations of itinerancy in migratory songbirds, where individuals move among 2 or more widely separated areas during the {"}stationary{"} nonbreeding season. Knowledge of such movements and an understanding of what drives them are important for predicting how migratory populations will respond to environmental change. In this study, we investigated nonbreeding movements of the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), an aerial insectivore that breeds across North America and spends the nonbreeding season around the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. With year-round tracking data obtained from 133 light-level geolocators deployed at 12 breeding sites ranging from Alaska to Nova Scotia to North Carolina, we show that 44% of individuals made at least one large-scale movement (range: 301-1,744 km) within the nonbreeding range. The frequency of itinerancy decreased with longitude, such that 75% of individuals made a movement in the western portion of the nonbreeding range compared to only 31% in the east. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for resource availability, we found that when individuals did move, they were more likely to move from sites where resources were deteriorating faster (a more negative change in NDVI prior to departure) than their destination sites. There was also evidence that individuals moved to destination sites with higher NDVI and temperature in the autumn, but not in the winter. Our results suggest movements of Tree Swallows during the nonbreeding season are influenced by resource availability, but because not all individuals used multiple nonbreeding sites, the density of individuals at a site and the level of competition may have also been a factor influencing nonbreeding season movements.",

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note = "Funding Information: We thank the numerous field assistants, graduate students, undergraduate students, and volunteers who assisted with fieldwork at all 12 breeding sites used in this study. We also thank Neil Paprocki and 5 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Funding statement: Funding for the study was provided by Leaders Opportunity Fund Grants from the Canadian Foundationfor Innovation (D.R.N., R.D.D.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants (D.R.N., R.G.C., R.D.D., M.B., D.G., F.P., M.L.L.), NSERC Research Tools and Instruments Grant (D.R.N., M.B., R.D.D., D.G., M.L.L., F.P., D.S.), NSERC Industrial Research and Development Fellowship (D.W.B.), NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship (L.L.B), NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship (E.A.G.), NSERC Canada Research Chairs Program (M.B., F.P.), University of Guelph (D.R.N.), Environment and Climate Change Canada (R.G.C., O.L.), Bird Studies Canada (D.W.B., D.J.T.H.), University of Northern British Columbia (R.D.D.), British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund (R.D.D.), Skaggs Foundation (T.B.), National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0933602 (C.M.T.), National Science Foundation Grant IOS-0745156 (C.M.V., D.V.), Fonds de Recherche du Qu{\'e}bec—Nature et Technologies (M.B., D.G., F.P.), James S. McDonnell Foundation (C.M.T.), Alberta Conservation Association (G.L.H, H.E.T.), TD Friends of the Environment (G.L.H., H.E.T.), Shell Environmental Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.), and Nature Canada{\textquoteright}s Charles Labatiuk Nature Endowment Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.). The development and analysis of some of the geolocators were supported by the National Science Foundation grants nos. IDBR 1152356 and DEB 0946685 (E.S.B.), and IDBR 1152131 (D.W.W.). None of our funders had any influence on the content of the submitted or published manuscript and none of our funders require approval of the final manuscript to be published. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 American Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.",

year = "2019",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.1093/auk/ukz028",

language = "English",

volume = "136",

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T1 - Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability

AU - Knight, Samantha M.

AU - Gow, Elizabeth A.

AU - Bradley, David W.

AU - Clark, Robert G.

AU - Bélisle, Marc

AU - Berzins, Lisha L.

AU - Blake, Tricia

AU - Bridge, Eli S.

AU - Burke, Lauren

AU - Dawson, Russell D.

AU - Dunn, Peter O.

AU - Garant, Dany

AU - Holroyd, Geoffrey L.

AU - Hussell, David J.T.

AU - Lansdorp, Olga

AU - Laughlin, Andrew J.

AU - Leonard, Marty L.

AU - Pelletier, Fanie

AU - Shutler, Dave

AU - Siefferman, Lynn

AU - Taylor, Caz M.

AU - Trefry, Helen E.

AU - Vleck, Carol M.

AU - Vleck, David

AU - Whittingham, Linda A.

AU - Winkler, David W.

AU - Ryan Norris, D.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank the numerous field assistants, graduate students, undergraduate students, and volunteers who assisted with fieldwork at all 12 breeding sites used in this study. We also thank Neil Paprocki and 5 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Funding statement: Funding for the study was provided by Leaders Opportunity Fund Grants from the Canadian Foundationfor Innovation (D.R.N., R.D.D.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants (D.R.N., R.G.C., R.D.D., M.B., D.G., F.P., M.L.L.), NSERC Research Tools and Instruments Grant (D.R.N., M.B., R.D.D., D.G., M.L.L., F.P., D.S.), NSERC Industrial Research and Development Fellowship (D.W.B.), NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship (L.L.B), NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship (E.A.G.), NSERC Canada Research Chairs Program (M.B., F.P.), University of Guelph (D.R.N.), Environment and Climate Change Canada (R.G.C., O.L.), Bird Studies Canada (D.W.B., D.J.T.H.), University of Northern British Columbia (R.D.D.), British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund (R.D.D.), Skaggs Foundation (T.B.), National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0933602 (C.M.T.), National Science Foundation Grant IOS-0745156 (C.M.V., D.V.), Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Nature et Technologies (M.B., D.G., F.P.), James S. McDonnell Foundation (C.M.T.), Alberta Conservation Association (G.L.H, H.E.T.), TD Friends of the Environment (G.L.H., H.E.T.), Shell Environmental Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.), and Nature Canada’s Charles Labatiuk Nature Endowment Fund (G.L.H, H.E.T.). The development and analysis of some of the geolocators were supported by the National Science Foundation grants nos. IDBR 1152356 and DEB 0946685 (E.S.B.), and IDBR 1152131 (D.W.W.). None of our funders had any influence on the content of the submitted or published manuscript and none of our funders require approval of the final manuscript to be published. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 American Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.

PY - 2019/7/23

Y1 - 2019/7/23

N2 - There have been an increasing number of observations of itinerancy in migratory songbirds, where individuals move among 2 or more widely separated areas during the "stationary" nonbreeding season. Knowledge of such movements and an understanding of what drives them are important for predicting how migratory populations will respond to environmental change. In this study, we investigated nonbreeding movements of the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), an aerial insectivore that breeds across North America and spends the nonbreeding season around the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. With year-round tracking data obtained from 133 light-level geolocators deployed at 12 breeding sites ranging from Alaska to Nova Scotia to North Carolina, we show that 44% of individuals made at least one large-scale movement (range: 301-1,744 km) within the nonbreeding range. The frequency of itinerancy decreased with longitude, such that 75% of individuals made a movement in the western portion of the nonbreeding range compared to only 31% in the east. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for resource availability, we found that when individuals did move, they were more likely to move from sites where resources were deteriorating faster (a more negative change in NDVI prior to departure) than their destination sites. There was also evidence that individuals moved to destination sites with higher NDVI and temperature in the autumn, but not in the winter. Our results suggest movements of Tree Swallows during the nonbreeding season are influenced by resource availability, but because not all individuals used multiple nonbreeding sites, the density of individuals at a site and the level of competition may have also been a factor influencing nonbreeding season movements.

AB - There have been an increasing number of observations of itinerancy in migratory songbirds, where individuals move among 2 or more widely separated areas during the "stationary" nonbreeding season. Knowledge of such movements and an understanding of what drives them are important for predicting how migratory populations will respond to environmental change. In this study, we investigated nonbreeding movements of the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), an aerial insectivore that breeds across North America and spends the nonbreeding season around the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. With year-round tracking data obtained from 133 light-level geolocators deployed at 12 breeding sites ranging from Alaska to Nova Scotia to North Carolina, we show that 44% of individuals made at least one large-scale movement (range: 301-1,744 km) within the nonbreeding range. The frequency of itinerancy decreased with longitude, such that 75% of individuals made a movement in the western portion of the nonbreeding range compared to only 31% in the east. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for resource availability, we found that when individuals did move, they were more likely to move from sites where resources were deteriorating faster (a more negative change in NDVI prior to departure) than their destination sites. There was also evidence that individuals moved to destination sites with higher NDVI and temperature in the autumn, but not in the winter. Our results suggest movements of Tree Swallows during the nonbreeding season are influenced by resource availability, but because not all individuals used multiple nonbreeding sites, the density of individuals at a site and the level of competition may have also been a factor influencing nonbreeding season movements.

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Nonbreeding season movements of a migratory songbird are related to declines in resource availability

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