Plasmin and plasminogen system in the tumor microenvironment: Implications for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy

Alamelu G. Bharadwaj, Ryan W. Holloway, Victoria A. Miller, David M. Waisman

Résultat de recherche: Articleexamen par les pairs

80 Citations (Scopus)

Résumé

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is now being widely accepted as the key contributor to a range of processes involved in cancer progression from tumor growth to metastasis and chemo-resistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and the proteases that mediate the remodeling of the ECM form an integral part of the TME. Plasmin is a broad-spectrum, highly potent, serine protease whose activation from its precursor plasminogen is tightly regulated by the activators (uPA, uPAR, and tPA), the inhibitors (PAI-1, PAI-2), and plasminogen receptors. Collectively, this system is called the plasminogen activation system. The expression of the components of the plasminogen activation system by malignant cells and the surrounding stromal cells modulates the TME result-ing in sustained cancer progression signals. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of the roles of plasminogen activation system in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance with specific emphasis on their role in the TME. We particularly review the recent highlights of the plasminogen receptor S100A10 (p11), which is a pivotal component of the plasminogen activation system.

Langue d'origineEnglish
Numéro d'article1838
JournalCancers
Volume13
Numéro de publication8
DOI
Statut de publicationPublished - avr. 2 2021

Note bibliographique

Funding Information:
Funding: A.G.B. is supported by a trainee award from the Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute with funds provided by the Harvey Graham Cancer Research Fund as part of The Terry Fox Strategic Health Research Training Program in Cancer Research at Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR). D.M.W. and this research is supported by a grant from the CIHR.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

PubMed: MeSH publication types

  • Journal Article
  • Review

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