Prophylaxe der sepsis infektionsprävention, hygienerichtlinien und akutmanagement

In spite of improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, the incidence and mortality rates of sepsis and septic shock are still high and associated with rising cost for the health care systems. Many instructions for the management of sepsis and septic shock have been issued. These treatment guidelines focus on early diagnosis and effective treatment with initial fluid resuscitation and antibiotic selection. Another important approach is the prevention of sepsis. This includes infection prevention by continual surveillance and re-education. A multi-professional team approach is required to to develop and implement strategies to prevent infection of the critically ill patient. Rational use of antibiotic agents and a rigorous hygiene management are indispensable. However, the impact of various preventive strategies, e. g. administration of corticosteroids as well as of insulin and statins remains unclear.