Résumé
Background The onset of bipolar disorder is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. We previously found that a large increase in sunlight in springtime was associated with a lower age of onset. This study extends this analysis with more collection sites at diverse locations, and includes family history and polarity of first episode. Methods Data from 4037 patients with bipolar I disorder were collected at 36 collection sites in 23 countries at latitudes spanning 3.2 north (N) to 63.4 N and 38.2 south (S) of the equator. The age of onset of the first episode, onset location, family history of mood disorders, and polarity of first episode were obtained retrospectively, from patient records and/or direct interview. Solar insolation data were obtained for the onset locations. Results There was a large, significant inverse relationship between maximum monthly increase in solar insolation and age of onset, controlling for the country median age and the birth cohort. The effect was reduced by half if there was no family history. The maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in springtime. The effect was one-third smaller for initial episodes of mania than depression. The largest maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in northern latitudes such as Oslo, Norway, and warm and dry areas such as Los Angeles, California. Limitations Recall bias for onset and family history data. Conclusions A large springtime increase in sunlight may have an important influence on the onset of bipolar disorder, especially in those with a family history of mood disorders.
| Langue d'origine | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (de-à) | 104-111 |
| Nombre de pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Affective Disorders |
| Volume | 167 |
| DOI | |
| Statut de publication | Published - oct. 1 2014 |
Note bibliographique
Funding Information:This work was funded in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MA, Grant number 64410 ); the Research Council of Norway (OAA Grant numbers 213837 ; 223273 ; 217776 ); South-East Norway Health Authority (OAA, Grant number 2013-123 ); a NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship (M Berk, Grant number 1059660 ; INSERM (BE, Grant number C0829 ) and APHP (BE, Grant number AOR11096 ); the Spanish Government (AGP, Grant numbers PS09/02002 CIBER Network ; EC10-333 , PI10/01430 , PI10/01746 , PI11/01977 , PI11/02708 , 2011/1064 , 11-BI-01 , 1677-DJ-030 , EC10-220 ); European Regional Development Funds (Grant numbers UE/2012/FI-STAR, UE/2013/TENDERMH, UE/2013/MASTERMIND), grants from Spanish Government (Grant numbers PI10/01430, PI10/01746, EC10-220, EC10-333, PI11/01977, 20111064, PI11/02708, PI12/02077, PI13/02252, PI13/00451), local grants from the Basque Government (Grant numbers 200911147, 2010111170, 2010112009, 2011111110, 2011111113); the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research (Grant number BIO12/AL/002); the Spanish Clinical Research Network (Grant numbers CAIBER;1392-D-079) and the University of the Basque Country (Grant number IT679-13); Stanley Research Foundation (Grant number 03-RC-003); the Research Council of Norway (IM, Grant numbers ES488722 , ES421716 ); the Regional Health Authority of South Eastern Norway (IM, Grants number 2011085 , 2013088 ); DFG (AR, Grant numbers SFB TRR 58 , B06 , Z02 ); the DFG and Länder funds (AR, Grant number RTG1252/2 ); Medical Research Council of South Africa (DJS) ; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (EV, Grants number PI12/00912 , PN 2008-2011 ); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III -Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación (EV); Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional Unión Europea . Una manera de hacer Europa (EV); CIBERSAM (EV); the Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca del DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya to the Bipolar Disorders Group (EV, Grant number 2009 SGR 1022 ). MB, EA, RA, CB, FB, RB, RHB, TDB, LB, YB, EYWC, MDZ, SD, AF, MAF, KNF, JGF, TG, HH, SH, CH, AI, ETI, FK, SK, BK, RK, MK, BL, ERL, CLJ, UL, GM, MM, WM, SM, RM, FGN, CO, YO, AP, DQ, RR, NR, PR, JKR, KS, AMS, ES, CS, SS, AHS, KS, HT, YT, CT, BV, MJW, MZ and PCW have no specific funding to acknowledge. The funding sources had no involvement in the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in writing the report, and in the decision to submit for publication.
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- Clinical Psychology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
ODD de l’ONU
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