Release from drinking-age restrictions is associated with increases in alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions among young drivers in Canada

Russell C. Callaghan; Jodi M. Gatley; Marcos Sanches; Claire Benny; Mark Asbridge

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.041

Release from drinking-age restrictions is associated with increases in alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions among young drivers in Canada

Russell C. Callaghan, Jodi M. Gatley, Marcos Sanches, Claire Benny, Mark Asbridge

Medicine

Résultat de recherche: Article › examen par les pairs

8 Citations (Scopus)

Résumé

Background Alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a key concern in current international debates about the effectiveness of minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws, but the majority of this literature is based on natural experiments involving MLDA changes occurring 2–4 decades ago. Methods A regression-discontinuity approach was used to estimate the relation between Canadian drinking-age laws and population-based alcohol-related MVCs (n = 50,233) among drivers aged 15–23 years in Canada. Results In comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the MLDA, those just older had immediate and abrupt increases in alcohol-related MVCs of 40.6% (95% CI 25.1%–56.6%; P < 0.001) in Ontario; 90.2% (95% CI 7.3%–171.2%; P = 0.033) in Manitoba; 21.6% (95% CI 8.5%–35.0%; P = 0.001) in British Columbia; and 27.3% (95% CI 10.9%–44.5%; P = 0.001) in Alberta; but also an unexpected significant decrease in the Northwest Territories of − 102.2% (95% CI − 120.7%–74.9%; P < 0.001). For females, release from MLDA restrictions was associated with increases in alcohol-related MVCs in Ontario [34.2% (95% CI 0.9%–68.0%; P = 0.044)] and Alberta [82.2% (95% CI 41.1%–125.1%; P < 0.001)]. Nationally, in comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the legislated MLDA, male drivers just older had significant increases immediately following the MLDA in alcohol-related severe MVCs [27.0% (95% CI 12.6%–41.7%, P < 0.001)] and alcohol-related fatal MVCs [53.4% (95% CI 2.4%–102.9%, P = 0.04)]. Conclusions Release from Canadian drinking-age restrictions appears to be associated with immediate increases in alcohol-related fatal and non-fatal MVCs, especially among male drivers.

Langue d'origine	English
Pages (de-à)	356-363
Nombre de pages	8
Journal	Preventive Medicine
Volume	91
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.041
Statut de publication	Published - oct. 1 2016

Note bibliographique

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Julie Béliveau [Statistician (Direction des études et des stratégies en sécurité routière, Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec)], Ross Waring and Ming Fang (ICBC), Marlene Anderson and Tara Peters (Alberta), Taryn McKee (Saskatchewan, SGI), Fraser McGuire and Sarah Plonka (Ontario), Rob Thom (Northwest Territories), Jeff Arnold (Manitoba, MPI), and Paul Smith and Rizwana Haque (Nova Scotia) for their assistance in helping us to acquire provincial/territorial MVC data and to understand issues regarding data structure and variable definition. The research described in this study was funded by a research grant (MOP # 133699 ) from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to the first author (RCC).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Epidemiology
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

ODD de l’ONU

Cette action contribue à la réalisation des objectifs de développement durable suivants

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10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.041

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title = "Release from drinking-age restrictions is associated with increases in alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions among young drivers in Canada",

abstract = "Background Alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a key concern in current international debates about the effectiveness of minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws, but the majority of this literature is based on natural experiments involving MLDA changes occurring 2–4 decades ago. Methods A regression-discontinuity approach was used to estimate the relation between Canadian drinking-age laws and population-based alcohol-related MVCs (n = 50,233) among drivers aged 15–23 years in Canada. Results In comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the MLDA, those just older had immediate and abrupt increases in alcohol-related MVCs of 40.6% (95% CI 25.1%–56.6%; P < 0.001) in Ontario; 90.2% (95% CI 7.3%–171.2%; P = 0.033) in Manitoba; 21.6% (95% CI 8.5%–35.0%; P = 0.001) in British Columbia; and 27.3% (95% CI 10.9%–44.5%; P = 0.001) in Alberta; but also an unexpected significant decrease in the Northwest Territories of − 102.2% (95% CI − 120.7%–74.9%; P < 0.001). For females, release from MLDA restrictions was associated with increases in alcohol-related MVCs in Ontario [34.2% (95% CI 0.9%–68.0%; P = 0.044)] and Alberta [82.2% (95% CI 41.1%–125.1%; P < 0.001)]. Nationally, in comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the legislated MLDA, male drivers just older had significant increases immediately following the MLDA in alcohol-related severe MVCs [27.0% (95% CI 12.6%–41.7%, P < 0.001)] and alcohol-related fatal MVCs [53.4% (95% CI 2.4%–102.9%, P = 0.04)]. Conclusions Release from Canadian drinking-age restrictions appears to be associated with immediate increases in alcohol-related fatal and non-fatal MVCs, especially among male drivers.",

author = "Callaghan, {Russell C.} and Gatley, {Jodi M.} and Marcos Sanches and Claire Benny and Mark Asbridge",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Julie B{\'e}liveau [Statistician (Direction des {\'e}tudes et des strat{\'e}gies en s{\'e}curit{\'e} routi{\`e}re, Soci{\'e}t{\'e} de l'assurance automobile du Qu{\'e}bec)], Ross Waring and Ming Fang (ICBC), Marlene Anderson and Tara Peters (Alberta), Taryn McKee (Saskatchewan, SGI), Fraser McGuire and Sarah Plonka (Ontario), Rob Thom (Northwest Territories), Jeff Arnold (Manitoba, MPI), and Paul Smith and Rizwana Haque (Nova Scotia) for their assistance in helping us to acquire provincial/territorial MVC data and to understand issues regarding data structure and variable definition. The research described in this study was funded by a research grant (MOP # 133699 ) from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to the first author (RCC). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.041",

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T1 - Release from drinking-age restrictions is associated with increases in alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions among young drivers in Canada

AU - Callaghan, Russell C.

AU - Gatley, Jodi M.

AU - Sanches, Marcos

AU - Benny, Claire

AU - Asbridge, Mark

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Julie Béliveau [Statistician (Direction des études et des stratégies en sécurité routière, Société de l'assurance automobile du Québec)], Ross Waring and Ming Fang (ICBC), Marlene Anderson and Tara Peters (Alberta), Taryn McKee (Saskatchewan, SGI), Fraser McGuire and Sarah Plonka (Ontario), Rob Thom (Northwest Territories), Jeff Arnold (Manitoba, MPI), and Paul Smith and Rizwana Haque (Nova Scotia) for their assistance in helping us to acquire provincial/territorial MVC data and to understand issues regarding data structure and variable definition. The research described in this study was funded by a research grant (MOP # 133699 ) from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to the first author (RCC). Publisher Copyright: © 2016

PY - 2016/10/1

Y1 - 2016/10/1

N2 - Background Alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a key concern in current international debates about the effectiveness of minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws, but the majority of this literature is based on natural experiments involving MLDA changes occurring 2–4 decades ago. Methods A regression-discontinuity approach was used to estimate the relation between Canadian drinking-age laws and population-based alcohol-related MVCs (n = 50,233) among drivers aged 15–23 years in Canada. Results In comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the MLDA, those just older had immediate and abrupt increases in alcohol-related MVCs of 40.6% (95% CI 25.1%–56.6%; P < 0.001) in Ontario; 90.2% (95% CI 7.3%–171.2%; P = 0.033) in Manitoba; 21.6% (95% CI 8.5%–35.0%; P = 0.001) in British Columbia; and 27.3% (95% CI 10.9%–44.5%; P = 0.001) in Alberta; but also an unexpected significant decrease in the Northwest Territories of − 102.2% (95% CI − 120.7%–74.9%; P < 0.001). For females, release from MLDA restrictions was associated with increases in alcohol-related MVCs in Ontario [34.2% (95% CI 0.9%–68.0%; P = 0.044)] and Alberta [82.2% (95% CI 41.1%–125.1%; P < 0.001)]. Nationally, in comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the legislated MLDA, male drivers just older had significant increases immediately following the MLDA in alcohol-related severe MVCs [27.0% (95% CI 12.6%–41.7%, P < 0.001)] and alcohol-related fatal MVCs [53.4% (95% CI 2.4%–102.9%, P = 0.04)]. Conclusions Release from Canadian drinking-age restrictions appears to be associated with immediate increases in alcohol-related fatal and non-fatal MVCs, especially among male drivers.

AB - Background Alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a key concern in current international debates about the effectiveness of minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws, but the majority of this literature is based on natural experiments involving MLDA changes occurring 2–4 decades ago. Methods A regression-discontinuity approach was used to estimate the relation between Canadian drinking-age laws and population-based alcohol-related MVCs (n = 50,233) among drivers aged 15–23 years in Canada. Results In comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the MLDA, those just older had immediate and abrupt increases in alcohol-related MVCs of 40.6% (95% CI 25.1%–56.6%; P < 0.001) in Ontario; 90.2% (95% CI 7.3%–171.2%; P = 0.033) in Manitoba; 21.6% (95% CI 8.5%–35.0%; P = 0.001) in British Columbia; and 27.3% (95% CI 10.9%–44.5%; P = 0.001) in Alberta; but also an unexpected significant decrease in the Northwest Territories of − 102.2% (95% CI − 120.7%–74.9%; P < 0.001). For females, release from MLDA restrictions was associated with increases in alcohol-related MVCs in Ontario [34.2% (95% CI 0.9%–68.0%; P = 0.044)] and Alberta [82.2% (95% CI 41.1%–125.1%; P < 0.001)]. Nationally, in comparison to male drivers slightly younger than the legislated MLDA, male drivers just older had significant increases immediately following the MLDA in alcohol-related severe MVCs [27.0% (95% CI 12.6%–41.7%, P < 0.001)] and alcohol-related fatal MVCs [53.4% (95% CI 2.4%–102.9%, P = 0.04)]. Conclusions Release from Canadian drinking-age restrictions appears to be associated with immediate increases in alcohol-related fatal and non-fatal MVCs, especially among male drivers.

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Release from drinking-age restrictions is associated with increases in alcohol-related motor vehicle collisions among young drivers in Canada

Résumé

Note bibliographique

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

PubMed: MeSH publication types

ODD de l’ONU

Accès au document

Autres fichiers et liens

Empreinte numérique

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