Abstract
In adults, dairy consumption improves short-term blood glucose regulation. It is unknown if these short-term benefits extend to children of different weight statuses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a dairy and nondairy snack in both normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children on blood glucose regulation and food intake (FI). In a repeated-measures crossover design, 11 NW and 7 OW/OB children (age: 9–14 years), consumed, in random order, a dairy (Greek yogurt, 198.9 g, 171 kcal, 0 g fat, 17 g protein) or nondairy (mini sandwich-type cookies, 37.5 g, 175 kcal, 7.5 g fat, 1.3 g protein) snack containing 25 g of available carbohydrates. Ad libitum FI was measured 120 min after snack consumption. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured at 0 min (before the snack), and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after snack consumption. Insulin secretion was calculated from deconvolution of C-peptide. Hepatic insulin extraction was calculated as C-peptide divided by insulin. FI did not differ between snacks (P = 0.55). Mean blood glucose was lower (P < 0.001) and insulin higher (P < 0.0001) in the 120 min after consuming the dairy snack. C-Peptide concentrations (P = 0.75) and insulin secretion (P = 0.37) were not different between snacks. The increase in insulin was explained by reduced hepatic insulin extraction (P < 0.01). Consumption of the dairy snack also increased mean GLP-1 concentrations (P < 0.001). In conclusion, consumption of a dairy snack by NW and OW/OB children results in reduced postprandial blood glucose concentrations and elevated circulating insulin compared with a nondairy snack possibly because of delayed hepatic insulin extraction.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1073-1080 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism |
| Volume | 44 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2019 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors would like to acknowledge Ms. Cathy Brown from the IWK Canadian Centre for Vaccinology and Mr. Phillip Joy, Ms. Tove Armstrong, Ms. Bayan Bughdadi, Ms. Allison Balan, and Ms. Nadia Pabani from Mount Saint Vincent University for the excellent technical assistance. This study was funded by the Dairy Farmers of Canada and a Mount Saint Vincent University (MSVU) Standard Research Grant. Additional support was provided to Dr. Bohdan Luhovyy through the MSVU New Scholar Grant. Dr. Jill Hamilton is supported by the Mead Johnson Chair in Nutritional Science. Brandon Gheller was funded by a Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation Scotia Scholars Award. Author contributions: G.H.A. conceived the hypothesis; B.L.L. and G.H.A. designed the study; B.J.G., M.G., and A.L. conducted the experiments; B.J.G. performed statistical analysis and wrote the paper; B.L.L. supervised graduate students (B.J.G., M.G., and A.L.) and participated in writing the manuscript; J.H. and N.B. contributed to the study design and assisted in writing the manuscript; Y.A., N.T.G., and F.N. assisted in data analysis and writing the manuscript; B.L.L. had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Canadian Science Publishing. All rights reserved.
ASJC Scopus Subject Areas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Physiology
- Nutrition and Dietetics
- Physiology (medical)
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
